Indian Penal Code, 1860 · Chapter XX: Of Offences Relating to Marriage
Section 493: Cohabitation caused by a man deceitfully inducing a belief of lawful marriage
The Indian Penal Code, 1860 was repealed and replaced by the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 from 1 July 2024. It still applies to matters and proceedings from before that date, as the repealing law provides.
In plain words
A man who by deceit makes a woman not lawfully married to him believe she is, and so causes her to live with or have sexual intercourse with him, is punishable with imprisonment of either description for up to ten years, and a fine.
A simplified explanation, prepared with AI assistance from the official text below and checked automatically against it for numbers and cross-references. The official text is the law and prevails over this summary. Not legal advice.
Official text
Every man who by deceit causes any woman who is not lawfully married to him to believe that she is lawfully married to him and to cohabit or have sexual intercourse with him in that belief, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to ten years, and shall also be liable to fine.
Corresponding sections were matched by comparing the wording of both official texts, and for the IPC and BNS, also against a published correspondence table. Wording, punishments and structure often changed, so read both sections before relying on the match.
Source: India Code (Legislative Department), the text of the Act as it stood before its repeal. Words in square brackets [ ] were inserted or substituted by later amending Acts, and *** marks words omitted by an amendment. The amendment footnotes are not reproduced here.
Supreme Court judgments citing the section 493
- Siddharth Kasana v. The State and Anr
- Santra Devi @ Savita Kasana & Ors v. State & Anr
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Mohd Abaad Ali & Anr. v. Directorate of Revenue
Whether benefit of s.5 r/w. ss. 2 and 3 of the Limitation Act, 1963 can be availed in an appeal against acquittal.
- Mohit Pilania v. The State Govt. of NCT of Delhi and Anr
- Vikram Kathuria v. State
- Kaushal Kishor v. State of Uttar Pradesh & Ors.
- Arun Singh & Others v. State of U.P. Through Its Secretary & Another
- Ms. X v. The State of Telangana and Anr.
- Ravinder Kaur v. Anil Kumar
- Urmila Devi v. Yudhvir Singh
- Ram Chandra Bhagat v. State of Jharkhand
- Om Prakash & Anr. v. Union of India & Anr.
- Ram Chandra Bhagat v. State of Jharkhand
- Tutul Kumar! Sen v. State of Jharkhand & Anr.
- Pradeep Kumar@ Pradeep Kumar Verma v. State of Bihar and Anr.
- Rashida Kamaluddin Syed and Anr. v. Shaikh Saheblal Mardan (Dead) Through Lrs. and Anr.
- Ashwin Nanubhai Vyas v. State of Maharashtra & Anr.