Constitution of India · Part V: The Union · Chapter IV: The Union Judiciary
Article 143: Power of the President to consult the Supreme Court
In plain words
If the President thinks a question of law or fact of public importance has arisen or is likely to arise, the President can refer it to the Supreme Court for its opinion. The Court can hold the hearing it thinks fit and report its opinion to the President.
- The President can also refer for opinion a dispute of the kind excluded by the proviso to article 131, about pre-Constitution treaties, agreements, sanads and similar instruments.
A simplified explanation, prepared with AI assistance from the official text below and checked automatically against it for numbers and cross-references. The official text is the law and prevails over this summary. Not legal advice.
Official text
(1) If at any time it appears to the President that a question of law or fact has arisen, or is likely to arise, which is of such a nature and of such public importance that it is expedient to obtain the opinion of the Supreme Court upon it, he may refer the question to that Court for consideration and the Court may, after such hearing as it thinks fit, report to the President its opinion thereon.
(2) The President may, notwithstanding anything in *** the proviso to article 131, refer a dispute of the kind mentioned in the [said proviso] to the Supreme Court for opinion and the Supreme Court shall, after such hearing as it thinks fit, report to the President its opinion thereon.
Source: India Code (Legislative Department), the official text of the Constitution of India. As amended up to the Constitution (One Hundred and Sixth Amendment) Act, 2023. Text as on 10 September 2026. Words in square brackets [ ] were inserted or substituted by later amending Acts, and *** marks words omitted by an amendment. The amendment footnotes are not reproduced here. Official text on India Code.
Supreme Court judgments citing the article 143
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The State of Tamil Nadu v. The Governor of Tamil Nadu & Anr.
a. What courses of action are available to the Governor in exercise of his powers under Article 200 of the Constitution. b. Whether the Governor can reserve a Bill for the consideration of the President when it is…
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State of Andhra Pradesh and Others v. Dr. Rao, V.B.J. Chelikani and Others
Issue arose that whether the Government, like any private individual, have the absolute discretion to frame policy, distribute resources and enter into a contract with whomsoever it pleases, on any terms and conditions…
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Aligarh Muslim University v. Naresh Agarwal & Ors.
The issues were: 1) ingredients, indicia or criteria for an educational institution to be considered a minority educational institution under Article 30 of the Constitution; 2) whether Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) is…
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Department & Another v. M/s K.L. Rathi Steels Limited and Others
Issue arose to resolve as to which of the two views on maintainability of the Review petitions-Hon’ble Judge presiding over the Bench ruling in favour of maintainability of the review petitions whereas the Hon’ble…
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M/S Brahmaputra Concrete Pipe Industries Etc. Etc v. The Assam State Electricity Board and Others
Whether registry has the power to dismiss a curative petition solely on the ground that no averment has been made to the effect that the review petition was dismissed by circulation.
- Union of India and Anr v. Subhash Chandra Agrawal
- Dept. v. M/S. K.L. Rathi Steels Ltd.
- Agp City Gas Private Limited & Anr v. Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board & Ors
- Anoop Baranwal v. Union of India
- Janhit Abhiyan v. Union of India
- Aishat Shifa v. The State of Karnataka & Ors
- Adani Gas Limited v. Union of India & Ors.
- Ajit Mohan & Ors. v. Legislative Assembly National Capital Territory of Delhi & Ors.
- Lalit Kumar Jain v. Union of India & Ors.
- In Re: Prashant Bhushan and Anr. v. In Re:
- Janhit Abhiyan v. Union of India & Ors.
- Re : Vijay Kurle & Ors. v. Re:
- Chebrolu Leela Prasad Rao & Ors. v. State of A.P. & Ors.
- Shivraj Singh Chouhan & Ors. v. Speaker Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly & Ors.
- Benedict Denis Kinny v. Tulip Brian Miranda & Ors.
- Sk. Md. Rafique v. Managing Committee, Contai Rahamania High Madrasah and Others
- Shrimanth Balasaheb Patil v. Hon’Ble Speaker, Karnataka Legislative Assembly and Others
- Rojer Mathew v. South Indian Bank Ltd. & Ors.
- M Siddiq (D) Thr Lrs v. V. Mahant Suresh Das & Ors
- Govt. of NCT of Delhi v. Union of India
- Justice K. S. Puttaswamy (Retd.) v. Union of India & Ors.
- Shanti Bhushan v. Supreme Court of India Through Its Registrar and Another
- Asok Pande v. Supreme Court of India Thr. Its Registrar and Ors.
- Krishanakant Tamrakar v. The State of Madhya Pradesh
- Itc Limited v. Blue Coast Hotels Ltd. & Ors.
- State of Karnataka by Its Chief Secretary v. State of T. N. by Its Chief Secretary [Dipak Misra, Cji] 829 the State of Karnataka by Its Chief Secretarystate of Tamil Nadu by Its Chief Secretary & Ors.
- The Goa Foundation v. M/S Sesa Sterlite Ltd. & Ors.
- Campaign for Judicial Accountability and Reforms v. Union of India and Others
- Reliance Telecom Ltd. & Anr. v. Union of India & Anr.
- State of Karnataka v. State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.
- Jindal Stainless Ltd. & Anr v. State of Haryana & Ors
- "In Re: the Punjab Termination of Agreement Act, 2004" v. .
- Anita Kushwaha v. Pushap Sudan
- Nabam Rebia, and Bamang Felix v. Deputy Speaker and Others
- Alagaapuram R. Mohanraj & Others v. Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly Rep. by Its Secretary & Another
- Balbhadra Parashar v. State of Madhya Pradesh
- Supreme Court Advocates-On-Record Association and Another v. Union of India
- Justice K.S. Puttaswamy (Retd.) &Another v. Union of India & Others
- Keshavlal Khemchandand Sons Pvt. Ltd. & Others v. Union of India & Others
- Manoj Narula v. Union of India
- Manohar Lal Sharma v. The Principal Secretary & Ors.
- Rajeev Dhawan v. Gulshan Kumar Mahajan & Ors.
- Dr. Subramanian Swamy v. Director, Centeral Bureau of Investigation & Anr.
- T.C. Gupta & Anr. v. Hari Om Prakash & Ors.
- Republic of Italy and Ors. v. Union of India and Ors.
- Purno Agitok Sangma v. Pranab Mukherjee
- Re: Special Reference N0.1 of 2012 v. --
- Namit Sharma v. Union of India
- State of Tamil Nadu & Ors. v. K. Shyam Sunder & Ors.
- Sindhi Education Society & Anr. v. The Chief Secretary, Govt. of NCT of Delhi & Ors.
- Ramdas Athawale v. Union of India and Ors.
- State of Orissa v. Government of India & Anr.
- Ashoka Kumar Thakur v. Union of India & Ors
- Raja Ram Pal v. The Honble Speaker, Lok Sabha & Ors.
- Kuldip Nayar v. Union of India and Ors.
- Rameshwar Prasad and Ors. v. Union of India and Anr.
- Godfrey Phillips India Ltd. and Anr. v. State of U.P. and Ors.
- Pu Myllai Hlychho and Ors. v. State of Mizoram and Ors.
- M.P. High Court Bar Association v. Union of India and Ors.
- State of Haryana v. State of Punjab and Anr.
- Special Reference No. 1 of 2001 v. -
- The State of West Bengal and Ors. v. Kesoram Industries Ltd. and Ors.
- Saurabh Chaudri and Ors. v. Union of India and Ors.
- Mohd. Aslam @ Bhure v. Union of India and Ors.
- T.M.A. Pal Foundation and Ors. v. State of Karnataka and Ors.
- Special Reference No. I of 2002 v. .
- Father Thomas Shingare and Ors. v. State of Maharashtra and Ors.
- Pradip Chandra Parija and Ors. v. Pramod Chandra Patanaik and Ors.
- State of Bihar and Anr. v. Bal Mukund Sah and Ors.
- Special Reference No. I of 1998 v. -----
- N.Ammad v. The Manager, Emjay High School and Ors.
- Dr. M. Ismail Faruqui Etc. v. Union of India and Ors.
- Kartar Singh v. State of Punjab
- The Matter Of: Cauvery Water Disputes Tribunal v. -
- Union of India and Ors. v. Sukumar Sengupta and Ors.
- Vlrendra Nath Gupta and Anr. v. Delhi Administration and Ors.
- State of Kerala and Ors. v. K.G. Madhavan Pillai and Ors.
- P.N. Duda v. P. Shiv Shankar & Others
- Indian Express Newspapers (Bombay) Private Ltd. & Ors. Etc. Etc. v. Union of India & Ors. Etc. Etc .
- Transport Commissioner, Andhra Pradesh v. Sardar Ali, Bus Owner
- S.P. Gupta & Ors. Etc. Etc. v. Union of India & Ors. Etc. Etc.
- All Saints High School, Hyderabad Etc. Etc. v. Government of Andhra Pradesh & Ors. Etc.
- Bank of Travancore v. Goodland Plantations (P) Ltd. N Ovembe~ 7, 1979
- In Re the Special Courts Bill, 1978 v. -
- Smt. Indira Nehru Gandhi v. Shri Raj Narain
- Shamsher Singh & Anr v. State of Punjab
- Special Reference No. 1 of 1974 v. Special Reference No. 1 of 1974
- The Ahmedabad St.Xaviers College Society & Anr. Etc. v. State of Gujarat & Anr.
- His Holiness Kesavananda Bharati Sripadagalavaru v. State of Kerala
- C. K. Daphtary & Ors. v. O. P. Gupta & Ors.
- H. H. Maharajadhiraja Madhav Rao Jiwaji Rao Scindia Bahadur & Ors. v. Union of India
- State of Bihar v. Union of India & Anr.
- Ram Kishore Sen and Others v. Union of India and Others
- Special Reference No. 1 of 1964 v. .
- In Re. the Bill to Amend S. 20 of Thb Sea Customs Act, 1878, and S. 3 of the Central Excises and Salt Act, 1944 v. Vs.