Constitution of India · Part VI: The States · Chapter VI: Subordinate Courts

Article 233: Appointment of district judges

Official text

Source: India Code (Legislative Department), the official text of the Constitution of India. As amended up to the Constitution (One Hundred and Sixth Amendment) Act, 2023. Text as on 10 September 2026. Words in square brackets [ ] were inserted or substituted by later amending Acts, and *** marks words omitted by an amendment. The amendment footnotes are not reproduced here. Official text on India Code.

Supreme Court judgments citing the article 233

• Tosh Kumar Sharma v. High Court of Judicature at Allahabad & Ors.
  2025 INSC 92116 July 2025Appeal(s) allowed

  Issue arose as regards the correctness of the order passed by the High Court rejecting the claim raised for appointment by the appellant to the post of Additional District and Sessions Judge in the Uttar Pradesh Higher…

• All India Judges Association and Others v. Union of India and Others
  2025 INSC 73520 May 2025Directions issued

  Matter pertains to restoration of 10% quota reserved for Limited Departmental Competitive Examination-LDCE for promotion to Higher Judicial Service-cadre of District Judge, to 25%; reduction of the minimum qualifying…

• Dharmendra Kumar Singh & Ors. v. The Hon’Ble High Court of Jharkhand & Ors.
  2025 INSC 7214 January 2025Appeal(s) allowed

  Issue arose as regards the promotion of the Civil Judges (Senior Division) to Jharkhand Superior Judicial Service.

• Abhimeet Sinha & Ors. v. High Court of Judicature at Patna & Ors.
  2024 INSC 3816 May 2024Dismissed

  Issue arose as regards the constitutionality of the Rules-Bihar Superior Judicial Service Rules, 1951 and Gujarat State Judicial Service Rules, 2005 stipulating minimum qualifying marks in the viva voce test as a part…

• Dr Kavita Kamboj v. High Court of Punjab and Haryana & Ors
  2024 INSC 19213 February 2024Dismissed

  The issue for consideration was a challenge to a decision of the High Court of Punjab & Haryana directing the State of Haryana to take positive action to accept its recommendation vide communication dated 23.02.2023,…

• Sivanandan C T and Others v. High Court of Kerala and
  2023 INSC 70912 July 2023Disposed of

  Rule 2(c)(iii) of the Kerala State Higher Judicial Services Special Rules 1961 stipulates that 25% of the posts in the category shall be filled by direct recruitment from the Bar “on the basis of aggregate marks/grade…

• The Secretary Ministry of Consumer Affairs v. Dr.
  2023 INSC 2093 March 2023Disposed of
• Union of India & Anr v. M/S Mohit Minerals Pvt. Ltd. Through Director
  2022 INSC 59619 May 2022Dismissed
• All India Judges Association and Others v. Union of India and Others
  2022 INSC 44619 April 2022Appeal(s) allowed
• Abhay Jain v. The High Court of Judicature for Rajasthan and Anr
  2022 INSC 30915 March 2022Appeal(s) allowed
• High Court of Delhi v. Devina Sharma
  2022 INSC 30414 March 2022Partly allowed
• Dr. Jaishri Laxmanrao Patil v. The Chief Minister & Ors.
  2021 INSC 2845 May 2021Disposed of
• P. Mohanraj & Ors. v. M/S. Shah Brothers Ispat Pvt. Ltd.
  2021 INSC 1331 March 2021Disposed of
• R. Poornima and Ors. v. Union of India and Ors.
  2020 INSC 5344 September 2020Dismissed
• Dinesh Kumar Gupta and Others v. High Court of Judicature of Rajasthan Others
  2020 INSC 37629 April 2020Disposed of
• Sujata Kohli v. Registrar General, High Court of Delhi & Ors.
  2020 INSC 36424 April 2020Dismissed
• Dheeraj Mor v. Hon’Ble High Court of Delhi
  2017 INSC 6419 February 2020Directions issued
• Hari Niwas Gupta v. State of Bihar and Another
  2019 INSC 12278 November 2019Dismissed
• Rajasthan High Court, Jodhpur & Anr. v. Neetu Harsh & Anr.
  2019 INSC 97829 August 2019Appeal(s) allowed
• Dr. P. S. Malik v. High Court of Delhi & Anr.
  2019 INSC 93621 August 2019Dismissed
• Kum C. Yamini v. The State of Andhra Pradesh & Anr.
  2019 INSC 90514 August 2019Disposed of
• Hirandra Kumar v. High Court of Judicature at Allahabad & Anr.
  2019 INSC 11129 January 2019Dismissed
• V. Surendra Mohan v. State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.
  2019 INSC 7522 January 2019Dismissed
• Telangana Judges Association & Anr. v. Union of India & Ors.
  2018 INSC 9263 October 2018Leave Granted & Disposed off
• K. Anbazhagan & Anr. v. The Registrar General High Court of Madras & Anr.
  2018 INSC 69713 August 2018Appeal(s) allowed
• The Gauhati High Court Through the Registrar General v. Goto Ete & Others
  2018 INSC 39223 April 2018Appeal(s) allowed
• Dheeraj Mor v. Hon’Ble High Court of Delhi
  2018 INSC 4623 January 2018
• P. D. Goel v. High Court of Himachal Pradesh Through Its Registrar General
  2017 INSC 7158 August 2017Appeal(s) allowed
• Srikant Roy & Ors. v. State of Jharkhand & Ors.
  2016 INSC 103016 November 2016Disposed of
• Govt. of Bihar and Ors. Etc. Etc. v. Dayanand Singh Etc. Etc.
  2016 INSC 93129 September 2016Disposed of
• M/S. Hcl Lnfosystem Ltd. v. Central Bureau of Investigation
  2016 INSC 5859 August 2016Dismissed
• Vijay Kumar Mishra and Anr. v. High Court of Judicature at Patna and Ors.
  2016 INSC 5869 August 2016Appeal(s) allowed
• Supreme Court Advocates-On-Record Association and Another v. Union of India
  2015 INSC 28516 October 2015
• Essar Teleholdings Ltd. v. Central Bureau of Investigation
  2015 INSC 70629 September 2015Dismissed
• Nawal Kishore Mishra & Ors. Etc. v. High Court of Judicature at Allahabad Through Its Registrar General & Ors. Etc.
  2015 INSC 12717 February 2015Dismissed
• Madras Bar Association v. Union of India and Another
  2014 INSC 68525 September 2014Disposed of
• P. Ramakrishnam Raju v. Union of India & Ors.
  2014 INSC 22931 March 2014Disposed of
• Sasidhar Reddy Sura v. The State of Andhra Pradesh & Ors.
  2013 INSC 8055 December 2013Disposed of
• Selvi J. Jayalalithaa & Ors. v. State of Karnataka & Ors.
  2013 INSC 66330 September 2013Disposed of
• Dr. Ram Tawakya Singh v. State of Bihar and Others
  2013 INSC 54419 August 2013Appeal(s) allowed
• Mahinder Kumar & Ors. v. High Court of Madhya Pradesh Through Registrar General &Ors
  2013 INSC 46112 July 2013Disposed of
• Essar Teleholdings Ltd. v. Registrar General, Delhi High Court & Ors
  2013 INSC 3741 July 2013Dismissed
• Debabrata Dash and Anr. v. Jatindra Prasad Das & Ors.
  2013 INSC 14311 March 2013Appeal(s) allowed
• Smt. K. Vijaya Lakshmi v. Govt. of Andhra Pradesh Represented by Its Secretary Home (Courts C1) Department and Anr.
  2013 INSC 10718 February 2013Disposed of
• Deepak Aggarwal v. Keshav Kaushik and Others
  2013 INSC 4421 January 2013Appeal(s) allowed
• Mr. Justice Chandrashekaraiah (Retd.) v. Janekere C. Krishna & Ors. Etc.
  2013 INSC 3111 January 2013Disposed of
• State of Gujarat and Anr. v. Gujarat Revenue Tribunal Bar Association and Anr.
  2012 INSC 47616 October 2012Dismissed
• Mahesh Chandra Verma & Ors. v. State of Jharkhand & Ors.
  2012 INSC 41019 September 2012Disposed of
• Columbia Sportswear Company v. Director of Income Tax, Bangalore
  2012 INSC 30730 July 2012Disposed of
• Union of India and Others v. S. Srinivasan
  2012 INSC 24221 May 2012Disposed of
• Brij Mohan Lal v. Union of India & Ors.
  2012 INSC 17819 April 2012Partly allowed
• Rajendra Singh Verma (Dead) Through Lrs v. Lt. Governor of NCT of Delhi & Anr.
  2011 INSC 67412 September 2011Dismissed
• The Secretary, Sh. A. P. D.Jain Pathshala & Ors. v. Shivaji Bhagwat More & Ors.
  2011 INSC 4274 July 2011Appeal(s) allowed
• Ajit Kumar v. State of Jharkhand & Ors.
  2011 INSC 19810 March 2011Dismissed
• S.D. Joshi & Ors. v. High Court of Judicature at Bombay & Ors.
  2010 INSC 76911 November 2010Dismissed
• Ashok Pal Singh and Ors. v. U.P. Judicial Services Association and Ors.
  2010 INSC 60413 September 2010Partly allowed
• Union of India v. R. Gandhi, President, Madras Bar Association
  2010 INSC 30511 May 2010Partly allowed
• Mahesh Chandra Gupta v. Union of India & Ors.
  2009 INSC 8676 July 2009Dismissed
• N. Kannadasan v. Ajoy Khose and Others
  2009 INSC 7326 May 2009Dismissed
• B.S. Mathur & Anr. v. Union of India & Ors.
  2008 INSC 115115 October 2008Allowed
• V.K. Srivastava & Ors. v. Govt. of U.P. & Anr.
  2008 INSC 10134 September 2008Disposed of
• State of Kera La v. B.Renjith Kumar & Ors.
  2008 INSC 7435 June 2008Dismissed
• Parkash Singh Badal and Anr. v. State of Punjab and Ors.
  2006 INSC 9606 December 2006Dismissed
• Rajiv Ranjan Singh 'Lalan' and Anr. v. Union of India and Ors.
  2006 INSC 52721 August 2006Appeal(s) allowed
• K.H. Siraj v. High Court of Kerala and Anr.
  2006 INSC 35223 May 2006Dismissed
• Anil Kumar Vitthal Shete and Ors. v. State of Maharashtra and Anr.
  2006 INSC 26228 April 2006Disposed of
• D. Ganesh Rao Patnaik and Ors. v. State of Jharkhand and Ors.
  2005 INSC 4876 October 2005Appeal(s) allowed
• U.P. Public Services Commission v. Subhash Chandra Dixit and Ors.
  2003 INSC 6065 November 2003Appeal(s) allowed
• Sunil Kumar Goyal v. Rajasthan Public Service Commission
  2003 INSC 2959 May 2003Dismissed
• High Court of Judicature for Rajasthan v. P.P. Singh and Anr
  2003 INSC 3727 January 2003Appeal(s) allowed
• Brij Mohan Lal v. Union of India and Ors.
  2002 INSC 2616 May 2002Disposed of
• All India Judges Association and Ors. v. Union of India and Ors.
  2002 INSC 16521 March 2002
• S. Renuka and Ors. v. State of A.P. and Anr.
  2002 INSC 16421 March 2002Dismissed
• Maharashtra State Judicial Service Association and Ors. v. High Court of Judicature at Bombay and Ors.
  2002 INSC 9220 February 2002Appeal(s) allowed
• State of Maharashtra v. Assn. of Court Stenos, P.A., P.S. and Anr.
  2002 INSC 109 January 2002Appeal(s) allowed
• Sri Kant Tripathi and Ors. v. State of U.P. and Ors.
  2001 INSC 4337 September 2001Disposed of
• Ganga Ram Moolchandani v. State of Rajasthan and Ors.
  2001 INSC 29817 July 2001Partly allowed
• Delhi Judicial Services Association and Ors. v. Delhi High Court and Ors.
  2001 INSC 2371 May 2001Dismissed
• Union of India and Anr v. Charanjit S. Gill and Ors
  2000 INSC 23124 April 2000Dismissed
• State of Bihar and Anr. v. Bal Mukund Sah and Ors.
  2000 INSC 13714 March 2000Dismissed
• The Registrar (Admn.), High Court of Orissa, Cutt Ack v. Sisir Kanta Satapathy (Dead) by Lrs. and Anr. Etc
  1999 INSC 40616 September 1999Disposed of
• Raja T Baran Roy Etc. v. State of West Bengal and Ors.
  1999 INSC 17713 April 1999Appeal(s) allowed
• Madan Mohan Choudhary v. State of Bihar
  1999 INSC 6112 February 1999Appeal(s) allowed
• Sushma Suri Etc. Etc. v. Govt. of National Capital Territory of Delhi and Anr.
  1998 INSC 3868 October 1998Disposed of
• The State of Maharashtra v. Labour Law Practitioners Association and Ors.
  1998 INSC 8111 February 1998Dismissed
• Raj Kumar Bindlish v. State of Haryana and Ors.
  1996 INSC 33429 February 1996Dismissed
• Union of India v. Pratibha Banerjee and Anr.
  1995 INSC 76121 November 1995Dismissed
• Canara Bank v. Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd. and Ors.
  1995 INSC 1606 March 1995Appeal(s) allowed
• Sh. P.K. Sarin and Anr. Etc. Etc v. State of U.Pand Ors Etc.
  1994 INSC 61816 December 1994Dismissed
• Kartar Singh v. State of Punjab
  1994 INSC 11211 March 1994Disposed of
• Supreme Court Advocates-On-Record Association and Anr. v. Union of India
  1993 INSC 3186 October 1993Disposed of
• All India Judges, Association and Ors v. Union of India and Ors.
  1993 INSC 27224 August 1993Disposed of
• Indian Administrative Service (S.C.S.) Association, U.P. and Ors. v. Union of India and Ors.
  1992 INSC 30611 November 1992Dismissed
• Kumar Padma Prasad v. Union of India and Ors.
  1992 INSC 6910 March 1992Allowed
• State of Jammu and Kashmir v. A. R. Zakki and Ors.
  1991 INSC 3246 December 1991Appeal(s) allowed
• All India Judges' Association v. Union of India
  1991 INSC 29013 November 1991Disposed of
• O.P. Garg and Ors. Etc. Etc. v. State of U.P. and Ors.
  1991 INSC 10923 April 1991Appeal(s) allowed
• Orissa Judicial Services Association, Cuttack v. State of Orissa and Anr.
  1990 INSC 36726 November 1990Dismissed