Ravindra Singh v. State of U.P. and Another

HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT ALLAHABAD APPLICATION U/S 528 BNSS No. - 34388 of 2025 Court No. - 75 HON'BLE VIKAS BUDHWAR, J.

¶1Heard Sri Raj Kumar Sharma, learned counsel for the applicant as well as Sri Vikas Sharma, learned State Law Officer for the State.

¶2This is an application under Section 528 of BNSS preferred by the applicant for quashing the entire proceeding in Case Number 314 of 2019 (Udayveer Singh Vs Ravindra Singh and others) under Sections 138 Negotiable Instrument Act at Police Station Gandhi Park, District-Aligarh, pending before the Court of Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Court No. 04, District - Aligarh.

¶3The case of the applicant is that the applicant had earlier approached twice. Firstly, Application u/s 482 No. 19265 of 2024, Ravindra Singh vs. State of U.P. in which on 31.07.2024, the following orders were passed:- "1. Heard Sri Raj Kumar Sharma, learned counsel for the applicant and Sri Brijesh Kumar Dwivedi, learned AGA for the State.

¶2The instant application under Section 482 Cr.P.C. has been filed with the following prayer: "1. Quash the entire proceeding in Case Number 314 of 2019 (Udayveer Singh Vs Ravindra Singh and others) under Section 138 Negotiable Instrument Act (hereinafter referred to as the 'N.I. Act') at Police Station Gandhi Park, District Aligarh, pending before the Court of Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Court No. 04, District - Aligarh, II. Quash the order dated 22.04.2024 passed by the aforesaid Court upon an application moved by the Opposite Party No. 2 under Section 143 A Negotiable Versus Counsel for Applicant(s) : Raj Kumar Sharma Counsel for Opposite Party(s) : G.A. Ravindra Singh .....Applicant(s) State of U.P. and Another .....Opposite Party(s) Instrument Act in the aforesaid case, III. It is further prayed that this Hon'ble Court may graciously be pleased to stay the proceeding of Case Number 314 of 2019 (Udayveer Singh Vs Ravindra Singh and others) under Sections 138 Negotiable Instrument Act at Police Station District Aligarh, pending before Gandhi Park, the Court of Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Court No. 04, District - Aligarh."

¶3Learned counsel for the applicant at the outset submits that he does not want to press prayer no.1 and 3 at this stage and he is pressing only prayer no.2 with regard to the validity of the order dated 22.04.2024 whereby the applicant was directed to pay 20% of the cheque amount as compensation to the opposite party no. 2. Learned counsel for the applicant has relied upon the judgment of Apex Court in Rakesh Ranjan Shrivastava vs. State of Jharkhand and another), 2024 (4) SCC 419. The relevant portion of the aforesaid judgment reads as under, which is a guiding factor to the Magistrate concerned for passing the orders under Section 143-A of the N.I. Act: "22. When the court deals with an application under Section 143-A of the NI Act, the court will have to prima facie evaluate the merits of the case made out by the complainant and the merits of the defence pleaded by the accused in the reply to the application under sub-section (1) of Section 143-A. The presumption under Section 139 of the NI Act, by itself, is no ground to direct the payment of interim compensation. The reason is that the presumption is rebuttable. The question of applying the presumption will arise at the trial. Only if the complainant makes out a prima facie case, a direction can be issued to pay interim compensation. At this stage, the fact that the accused is in financial distress can also be a consideration.

¶23Even if the court concludes that a case is made out for grant of interim compensation, the court will have to apply its mind to the quantum of interim compensation to be granted. Even at this stage, the court will have to consider various factors such as the nature of the transaction, the relationship, if any, between the accused and the complainant and the paying capacity of the accused. If the defence of the accused is found to be prima facie a plausible defence, the court may exercise discretion in refusing to grant interim compensation.

¶24We may note that the factors required to be considered, which we have set out above, are not exhaustive. There could be several other factors in the facts of a given case, such as, the pendency of a civil suit, etc. While deciding the prayer made under Section 143-A, the Court must record brief reasons indicating consideration of all the relevant factors.

¶27Subject to what is held earlier, the main conclusions can be summarised as follows:

27.1. The exercise of power under sub-section (1) of Section 143-A is discretionary. The provision is directory and not mandatory. The word "may" used in the provision cannot be construed as "shall".

27.2. While deciding the prayer made under Section 143-A, the court must record brief reasons indicating consideration of all relevant factors.

27.3. The broad parameters for exercising the discretion under Section 143-A are as follows:

27.3.1. The court will have to prima facie evaluate the merits of the case made out by the complainant and the merits of the defence pleaded by the accused in the reply to the application. The financial distress of the accused can also be a consideration.

27.3.2. A direction to pay interim compensation can be issued, only if the complainant makes out a prima facie case.

27.3.3. If the defence of the accused is found to be prima facie plausible, the court may exercise discretion in refusing to grant interim compensation.

27.3.4. If the court concludes that a case is made out to grant interim compensation, it will also have to apply its mind to the quantum of interim compensation to be granted. While doing so, the court will have to consider several factors such as the nature of the transaction, the relationship, if any, between the accused and the complainant, etc."

¶4In view of the aforesaid guidelines issued, learned counsel for the applicant submits that the trial court must record the reasons and must deal with different factors as has been described above in the aforesaid judgment before passing the order under Section 143-A of the N.I. Act. He further submits that the aforesaid order since is not in compliance with the aforesaid judgment of the Apex Court, is liable to be set aside by this Court. The order dated 22.04.2024 passed by the Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Court No. 04, Aligarh reads as under: "Case called out. Complainant and accused are present before the court with their Ld. Counsel. Ld. Counsel for complainant has moved an application u/s 143? NI Act seeking a direction against the accused to pay 20 percent of the cheque amount as compensation. On the other hand, accused has opposed such application by way of filing their objection. Accused has also presented copy of bills and bank statements of his firm. Heard the arguments of both the Ld. Counsels for the complainant and the accused and perused the records. Cause is sufficient. Application filed by the complainant u/s 143A NI Act is hereby allowed. Consequently, accused is hereby directed to pay 20 percent of the cheque amount to the complainant as interim compensation within 60 days from the date of this order. Put up on 28-05-2024 for cross examination."

¶5From perusal of the aforesaid order, it is crystal clear that the aforesaid order passed by the Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate is not in compliance of the guidelines issued by the Apex Court in the judgment of Rakesh Ranjan Shrivastava (supra).

¶6In view thereof, this Court without issuing notice to the opposite party no.2 as the same will further delay the proceedings of the complaint case, set aside the order dated 22.04.2024 with a direction to the trial court to pass a fresh order in accordance with the directions issued by the Apex Court keeping all factors into consideration as directed by the Apex Court.

¶7With the aforesaid direction, the instant application under Section 482 Cr.P.C. is disposed of. "

¶4Thereafter, post remand, another order came to be passed under Section 143-A on 11.02.2025, which was subject matter of challenge in Application u/s 528 of BNSS No.9074 of 2025, Ravindra Singh vs. State of U.P, in which on 08.05.2025, the following orders were passed:- "1. Heard Shri Raj Kumar Sharma, learned counsel for the applicant and Sri Moti Lal, learned AGA for the State.

¶2This application under Section 482 Cr.PC. has been filed by the applicant to quash the entire proceedings of in Case No. 314 of 2019 (Udayveer Singh Vs Ravindra Singh and others) under Sections 138 Negotiable Instrument Act at Police Station Gandhi Park, District-Aligarh, pending before the Court of Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Court No. 04, District - Aligarh as well as order dated 11.02.2025 passed by the aforesaid Court upon an application moved by the Opposite Party No. 2 under Section 143 A Negotiable Instrument Act.

¶3Learned counsel for the applicant submits that a complaint stood lodged by the opposite party no. 2 regarding dishonouring of a cheque of an amount of Rs. 6,73,982/- pursuant to which on 07.12.2019, the applicant was summoned under Section 138 of the N.I. Act thereafter an application under Section 143A of the N.I. Act stood preferred by the opposite party no. 2 which came to be decided in favour of the complainant by the Court of Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Court No. 04, District - Aligarh on 22.04.2024.

¶4Questioning the said order, the applicant preferred the application U/S 482 No. 19265 of 2024 (Ravindra Singh v. State of U.P. and another) in which on 31.07.2024, the following orders have been passed: "1. Heard Sri Raj Kumar Sharma, learned counsel for the applicant and Sri Brijesh Kumar Dwivedi, learned AGA for the State.

¶2The instant application under Section 482 Cr.P.C. has been filed with the following prayer: "1. Quash the entire proceeding in Case Number 314 of 2019 (Udayveer Singh Vs Ravindra Singh and others) under Section 138 Negotiable Instrument Act (hereinafter referred to as the 'N.I. Act') at Police Station Gandhi Park, District Aligarh, pending before the Court of Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Court No. 04, District - Aligarh, II. Quash the order dated 22.04.2024 passed by the aforesaid Court upon an application moved by the Opposite Party No. 2 under Section 143 A Negotiable Instrument Act in the aforesaid case, III. It is further prayed that this Hon'ble Court may graciously be pleased to stay the proceeding of Case Number 314 of 2019 (Udayveer Singh Vs Ravindra Singh and others) under Sections 138 Negotiable Instrument Act at Police Station District Aligarh, pending before Gandhi Park, the Court of Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Court No. 04, District - Aligarh."

¶3Learned counsel for the applicant at the outset submits that he does not want to press prayer no.1 and 3 at this stage and he is pressing only prayer no.2 with regard to the validity of the order dated 22.04.2024 whereby the applicant was directed to pay 20% of the cheque amount as compensation to the opposite party no. 2. Learned counsel for the applicant has relied upon the judgment of Apex Court in Rakesh Ranjan Shrivastava vs. State of Jharkhand and another), 2024 (4) SCC 419. The relevant portion of the aforesaid judgment reads as under, which is a guiding factor to the Magistrate concerned for passing the orders under Section 143-A of the N.I. Act: "22. When the court deals with an application under Section 143-A of the NI Act, the court will have to prima facie evaluate the merits of the case made out by the complainant and the merits of the defence pleaded by the accused in the reply to the application under sub-section (1) of Section 143-A. The presumption under Section 139 of the NI Act, by itself, is no ground to direct the payment of interim compensation. The reason is that the presumption is rebuttable. The question of applying the presumption will arise at the trial. Only if the complainant makes out a prima facie case, a direction can be issued to pay interim compensation. At this stage, the fact that the accused is in financial distress can also be a consideration.

¶23Even if the court concludes that a case is made out for grant of interim compensation, the court will have to apply its mind to the quantum of interim compensation to be granted. Even at this stage, the court will have to consider various factors such as the nature of the transaction, the relationship, if any, between the accused and the complainant and the paying capacity of the accused. If the defence of the accused is found to be prima facie a plausible defence, the court may exercise discretion in refusing to grant interim compensation.

¶24We may note that the factors required to be considered, which we have set out above, are not exhaustive. There could be several other factors in the facts of a given case, such as, the pendency of a civil suit, etc. While deciding the prayer made under Section 143-A, the Court must record brief reasons indicating consideration of all the relevant factors.

¶27Subject to what is held earlier, the main conclusions can be summarised as follows:

27.1. The exercise of power under sub-section (1) of Section 143-A is discretionary. The provision is directory and not mandatory. The word "may" used in the provision cannot be construed as "shall".

27.2. While deciding the prayer made under Section 143-A, the court must record brief reasons indicating consideration of all relevant factors.

27.3. The broad parameters for exercising the discretion under Section 143-A are as follows:

27.3.1. The court will have to prima facie evaluate the merits of the case made out by the complainant and the merits of the defence pleaded by the accused in the reply to the application. The financial distress of the accused can also be a consideration.

27.3.2. A direction to pay interim compensation can be issued, only if the complainant makes out a prima facie case.

27.3.3. If the defence of the accused is found to be prima facie plausible, the court may exercise discretion in refusing to grant interim compensation.

27.3.4. If the court concludes that a case is made out to grant interim compensation, it will also have to apply its mind to the quantum of interim compensation to be granted. While doing so, the court will have to consider several factors such as the nature of the transaction, the relationship, if any, between the accused and the complainant, etc."

¶4In view of the aforesaid guidelines issued, learned counsel for the applicant submits that the trial court must record the reasons and must deal with different factors as has been described above in the aforesaid judgment before passing the order under Section 143-A of the N.I. Act. He further submits that the aforesaid order since is not in compliance with the aforesaid judgment of the Apex Court, is liable to be set aside by this Court. The order dated 22.04.2024 passed by the Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Court No. 04, Aligarh reads as under: "Case called out. Complainant and accused are present before the court with their Ld. Counsel. Ld. Counsel for complainant has moved an application u/s 143? NI Act seeking a direction against the accused to pay 20 percent of the cheque amount as compensation. On the other hand, accused has opposed such application by way of filing their objection. Accused has also presented copy of bills and bank statements of his firm. Heard the arguments of both the Ld. Counsels for the complainant and the accused and perused the records. Cause is sufficient. Application filed by the complainant u/s 143A NI Act is hereby allowed. Consequently, accused is hereby directed to pay 20 percent of the cheque amount to the complainant as interim compensation within 60 days from the date of this order. Put up on 28-05-2024 for cross examination."

¶5From perusal of the aforesaid order, it is crystal clear that the aforesaid order passed by the Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate is not in compliance of the guidelines issued by the Apex Court in the judgment of Rakesh Ranjan Shrivastava (supra).

¶6In view thereof, this Court without issuing notice to the opposite party no.2 as the same will further delay the proceedings of the complaint case, set aside the order dated 22.04.2024 with a direction to the trial court to pass a fresh order in accordance with the directions issued by the Apex Court keeping all factors into consideration as directed by the Apex Court.

¶7With the aforesaid direction, the instant application under Section 482 Cr.P.C. is disposed of."

¶5Post remand, now the Court of Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Court No. 04, District - Aligarh in Case No. 314 of 2019 (Udayveer Singh Vs Ravindra Singh and others) has proceeded to pass the order dated 11.02.2025 granting 20% compensation under Section 143A of the Act in favour of the complainant/ opposite party no. 2.

¶6Assailing the said order, the applicant has filed the present application.

¶7Learned counsel for the applicant has submitted that for the second time, the same infirmity has crept in the order impugned, particularly, in view of the fact that earlier when the order dated 22.04.2024 was passed then the same was set aside by the court while remanding the matter back on the ground that the said order not passed as per the mandate in the case of Rakesh Ranjan Srivastava v. State of Jharkand and another; [2024] 3 S.C.R. 438. However, he submits that a perusal of the order impugned herein would also reveal that there has been no consideration over the criteria which have been mandated by the Hon'ble Apex Court, according to which, the proceedings under Section 143A of the N.I. Act is to be decided. He thus submits that the summoning order be set aside and the matter be remitted back to Court below to pass fresh orders.

¶8Shri Moti Lal, learned AGA submits that though it is the second round of litigation wherein the order under Section 143A of the Act is being subject matter of challenge but according to him, the order does not consider the ingredients and the para meters according to which the application under Section 143A of the N.I. Act is to be decided. He submits that the summoning order be set aside and the matter be remitted back to Court below to pass fresh orders.

¶9Having bestowed the consideration over the facts of the case as well as after analyzing the law laid down in the said case by the Hon'ble Apex Court in the case of Rakesh Ranjan Srivastava (supra) and applying the same in the present facts of the case, it is clear that the order which has been subject matter of challenge and impugned in the present application does not confirm to the criteria as enunciated by the Hon'ble Apex Court in the above noted decision.

¶10Though the court below has recited the case of the parties but the considerations are not there with regard to the prima facie case of the complainant as well as the quantum of the compensation while considering the nature of the transaction, relationship of the parties and financial distress of the accused.

¶11Since the broad para-meters are missing in the order in question thus this Court in exercise of its inherent powers is set aside the order dated 11.02.2025 passed in Case No. 314 of 2019 (Udayveer Singh Vs Ravindra Singh and others) without issuing the notice to the opposite party no. 2.

¶12The matter stands remitted back to pass fresh order strictly in accordance with the mandate of the Hon'ble Apex Court as directed vide order dated 31.07.2024 passed in application U/S 482 No. 19265 of 2024.

¶13For facilitating early disposal, the party shall furnish the certified copy of the order before the court below by 23.05.2025 and the court below shall proceed to decide the said proceeding with most expedition.

¶14Learned counsel for the applicant in his usual fairness submits that as per the instructions from his client, the applicant shall not take adjournment in any manner whatsoever.

¶15Accordingly, the application stands disposed of."

¶5Now post remand, an order has been passed on 07.08.2025 by the Court of ACJM Court no.1, Aligarh in Complainat Case No.314 of 2019.

¶6Questioning the said order, present application has been filed.

¶7Learned counsel for the applicant has submitted that the order dated

07.08.2025 according interim compensation to the O.P. No.2 under Section 143-A of the N.I. Act to the tune of 20% cannot be sustained, particularly when for the third time, the same mistake has been committed by the court below by not considering the mandate of the Hon'ble Apex Court in the case of Rakesh Ranjan Srivastava v. State of Jharkand and another: (2024) 3 S.C.R. 438. Submission is that criteria have been enumerated by the Hon'ble Apex Court in the judgment which is to be followed as a magna carta and the Court while according interim compensation under Section 143A of the NI Act cannot dilute the same. Submission is that though in order to show that the order appears to be longish though headings have been made with regard to (a) prima facie case, (b) amount of compensation, (c) nature of transaction (d) relationship between the parties and (e) financial distress, however, the finding so recorded by the court below while according interim compensation under the parameter of financial distress is not correct as the issues relatable to the same has been conveniently avoided. Submission is that in the parameters under financial distress, though the applicant in his objection which is at page-50 of the paper-book, relevant extract at page-52 and 53, sufficient documents have already been annexed being the copy of the cash book of the applicant showing the fact that the applicant is not in a condition to pay the compensation after closing of the agency and the applicant is doing private job and having very meager salary but the court below has accorded interim compensation to the tune of 20% without considering the true aspect of the matter relatable to the financial distress of the applicant. Submission is that the court below has been swayed on the ground that there had been no documents annexed thereto. He further submits that though the court below has taken into account the relationship between the parties, nature of the transaction, but the quantum has not been correctly decided.

¶8Learned State Law Officer on the other hand submits that whatever might be, it is not for the court below to assume and presume a fact which is not in existence, as the court below has to form a tentative opinion regarding the fact whether there happens to be financial distress and the entire onus is upon the accused to plead and substantiate the fact that he suffers from financial distress so as to make the things worst for him to make the payment of 20% of the interim compensation.

¶9I have heard the submissions so made across the Bar and perused the records carefully.

¶10The order dated 07.08.2025 according interim compensation to the tune of 20% under Section 143-A of the N.I. Act is quoted herein:- "िदनांक-07.08.2025 प्ऴावली ्ऺस्तुत हुई। प्ऴावली आदेशाथर् िनयत है। िवगत ितिथ पर प्षकार अिधव्वा को माननीय उच्च न्यायालय इलाहाबाद के ्ऺ ाथर्ना प्ऴ अन्तगर्त धारा-528 बी०एन०एस०एस० संख्या -9074/2025 रवेन््श िसह बनाम उ्तर ्ऺदेश राज्य व अन्य में पािरत आदेश िदनांिकत-08.05.2025 के पिर्ऺेष्य में चुना जा चुका है। प्ऴावली के अवलोकन से िविदत है िक माननीय उच्च न्यायालय इलाहाबाद ्षारा िव्षान पूवर् पीठासीन अिधकारी ्षारा पािरत आदेश िदनांिकत-11.02.2025 को िनरस्त करते हुए ्ऺाथर्ना प्ऴ अन्तगर्त धारा -482 द०्ऺ०सं० संख्या-19265/2024 रवेन््श िसह बनाम उ्तर ्ऺदेश राज्य व अन्य में पािरत आदेश िदनांिकत 31.07.2024 के पिर्ऺेष्य में आदेश में िदये गये िनदरॏशों के अनु्वम में पुनः आदेश पािरत करने हेतु आदेिशत िकया गया है। मेरे ्षारा प्ऴावली एवम माननीय उच्च न्यायालय इलाहाबाद के ्ऺाथर्ना प्ऴ अन्तगर्त धारा-482 द०्ऺ०सं० संख्या-19265/2024 रवेन््श िसह बनाम उ्तर ्ऺदेश राज्य व अन्य में पािरत आदेश िदनांिकत-31.07.2024 व ्ऺाथर्ना प्ऴ अन्तगर्त धारा-528 बी०एन०एस०एस० संख्या-9074/2025 रवेन््श िसह बनाम उ्तर ्ऺदेश राज्य व अन्य में पािरत आदेश िदनांिकत-08.05.2025 का ससम्मान अवलोकन िकया। पिरवादीा्ष ाराा्ऺ ाथर्नााप्ऴ ाअन् तगर्ताधारा-143काएन०आई०ाएक् टािदनांिकत-04.04.2022 इसाआशया सेा्ऺ स् तुतािकयाागयााहाै िकापिरवादीा्ष ारााउ्व ावादावषर्ा2019 मेंादायरािकयाातथााउ्व ायादामेंा बमुिश् कलािवप्ष ीादोावषर्ाबादान् यायालयामेंाहािजराहु आाहाै तथाािनकटाभिव?् यामेंाभीािवप्ष ीाउ्व ावादा कोाटालनााचाहगे ा।ा्ऺ ाथ?् ाकााके सा्ऺ थमादृ ्ि यााह।ै ावादीाकोाशारीिरकावामानिसकारू पासेा्ऺ तािडताकरा रहााह।ै ाउपरो्व ाकथनाकरतेाहु एाचैकाधनरािशाकाा20 ्ऺ ितशताअंतिरमामुआवजाािदलायेाजानेाकीा याचनााकीागयीाह।ै उ्व ा्ऺ ाथर्नााप्ऴ ाके ािवरू ्ध ावादीा्ष ारााअपनााजवाबािदनांिकता12.05.2022 ्ऺ स् तुताकराकथनािकयाा गयााहाै िकािवप्ष ीानेावादीासेाउसकीा्ि क्े टराएजेन् सीासेा्ि क्े टरालेनेासेापूवर्ाएकािर्व ाचैकािसक् योिरटीाके ा रू पामेंाबतौराअमानतािदयााथाातथाािदनांक-12.08.2016 िदनांक-28.03.2017 तका12 ्ि क्े टरा िविभन् नाितिथय?ं ामेंािलयेाथेातथााभुगतानासमय-समयापरारािशाअन् तरणावानकदादीाजातीारहीाह।ै ावादीा काािवप्ष ीापराकोईाधनरािशाबकायाानहीं ाह।ै ावादीामनमानेा?़ ंगासेा?् याजाजो?़ करागलतात?् य?ं , पराधना के ालालचामेंा्ऺ ाथर्नााप्ऴ ा्ऺ स् तुताकरारहााह।ै ाइसीा्ऺ कारावादीानेातीना्ि क्े टराकीािबिलगाइन् वाइस?ं ामेंा िदनांक-20.10.2016 कोाद?शताकराउनापरा?् याजादोामाहापूवर्ासेािदनांक-20.08.2016 सेाशुरू ाकरा दी।ाइसीा्ऺ कारािदनांक-10.01.2017 वा12.01.2017 कोा्ि क्े टराभेजनााद?शतािकयााहाै तथााउनापरा ?् याजा िदनांक-27.10.2016 वा 30.10.2016 सेा जो?़ नाा ्ऺ ारम् भा करा िदयाा हाै तथाा िदनांक -17.02.2017 कोा2 ्ि क्ै टराभेजनााद?शताकराउनपरा?् याजाजो?़ करादशार्यीागयीाह।ै ाइसीा्ऺ कारा

14.04.2017 कोादोा्ि क्े टराभेजनाादशार्कराउनापरा?् याजािदनांक-27.03.2017 कोाभेजनाादशार्करा ब?ा ााच?ा ाकरादेनदारीा?् याजादशार्यीागयीाह।ै ाइसीा्ऺ काराफज?् ािदनांक?ं ामेंा्ि क्े टरादशार्करागलतामनमानेा तरीके ासेागलता?् याजाजो?़ कराबकायााधनरािशािदखाकरावादीाके ापासाबतौरािसक् योिरटीाअमानतीाचैका कोाअपनीामज?् ासेाधनरािशाभरकराउसापराचैकाकाागलताउपयोगावादीा्ष ाराािकयाागयााह।ै ावादीाकाा िवप्ष ीापराकोईाधनरािशाबकायाानहीं ाह।ै ावादीाके वलाधनाके ालालचामेंाचैकामेंाउसके ा्ष ारााभरीागयीा धनरािशाकाा20 ्ऺ ितशतालेनेाके ालालचामेंाउ्व ा्ऺ ाथर्नााप्ऴ ान् यायालयामेंासहीात?् य?ं ाकोािछपाकरा ्ऺ ेिषताकरारहााहाै जोािकापोषणीयानहीं ाह।ै ाउपरो्व ाकथनाकरतेाहु एा्ऺ ाथर्नााप्ऴ ािनरस् तािकयेाजानेाकीा पाचनााकीागयीाह।ै पिरवादीाकीाओरासेा्ऺ ितउ्त राशपथाप्ऴ ािदनांिकत-08.06.2022 ्ऺ स् तुताकराकथनािकयाागयााहाै िका पिरवादीा शपथकतार्ा मैससर्ा उदया ?टोमोबाइल् सा काा स् वामी/्ऺ ोपराइटरा ह।ै ा पिरवादीा ्ष ाराा िदनांका

25.03.2019 कोायहापिरवादा्श ीमानान् यायालयामेंा्ऺ स् तुतािकयाागयाातथाािदनांका07.01.2020 मेंा पैरवीाके ाउपरान् ताभीािवप्ष ीाहािजराअदालतानहीं ाहु आातथाािदनांका07.02.2020 मेंािवप्ष ीाके ािवरू ्ध ा िगर?् तारीावारण् टाएन.बीाड?् ल् य.ू िकयाागयाातथाािवप्ष ीा्ष ाराापूणर्ाजानकारीा्ऺ ारम् भासेाहोनेाके ाबावजूदा भीाबमुिश् कलािदनांका04.1.2022 कोान् यायालयामेंाहािजराहु आ।ािवप्ष ीाउ्व ा्ऺ करणाके ासभीात?् य?ं ा सेावािकफाथाातथााके साके ाप?़ ने/दायराहोनेासेापूवर्ाहीासभीाकानूनीादावपेंच?ं ासेावािकफाथा।ािवप्ष ीा ्ष ाराासभीात?् य?ं ाकोािछपायाागयााहाै तथाा्श ीमानान् यायालयाके ासम्ष ामेलाफाइडाइन् टशे नाके ासाथा हािजराहु आातथााजवाबा्ऺ ाथर्नााप्ऴ ाभीाउसीाबदनीयतीाके ासाथा्ऺ स् तुतािकयाागयााह।ै ापिरवादी/ शपथकतार्ा के ा प्ऴ ांका िदनांका 20.06.2016 MKT/HO/120 ्ि क्ै टरा कम् पनीा Indo Farm Equipment Itd. मै०ाउदया?टोमोबाइलाकाा्ऺ ोपराइटर/संचालकाकोा्ि क्ै टसर्ािव?व याहते ुास् टोिकस् टा िनयु्व ािकयाागयाातथाासम् पूणर्ाअिधकाराप्ऴ ांका्ष ाराा्ऺ ोपराइटराकोािदयेागयेातथााकम् पनीा्ष ारााहीा आपािवप्ष ीाकोाउ्व ाIndo Farm Equipment Itd. ्ष ाराा्ि क्ै टरसर्ाखरीदनेाहते ुाडीलराभीािनयु्व ा िकयाागया।ाशपथकतार्/पिरवादी, िवप्ष ीाउ्व ा्ि क्ै टराके ा?व मश?ास् टोिकस् टावाडीलराहु एातथाादोन?ं ाप्ष ा सभीाकानून?ं ासेावािकफाथे।ाशपथकतार्/पिरवादीावािवप्ष ीाके ामध् यािदनांका06.08.2016 सेा्ि क्ै टसर्ा कीाखरीददारीाकरनााशुरू आताहु ईातथाािदनांका06.08.2016 सेािदनांका28.03.2017 तकालगातारा Indo Farm Equipment Itd. ्ि क्ै टराएजेन् सीाके ाकु ला12 ्ि क्ै टसर्ाकोाआपािवप्ष ीाडीलरा्ष ाराा शपथकतार्ास् टोिकस् टासेाखरीदाागयाातथााइसादौराना्ऺ ारम् भासेाहीाआपािवप्ष ीा्ष ाराा्ि क्ै टरास् पेयरा पाटसर् ाकोास् टोिकस् टाशपथकतार्ासेालगाताराखरीदतेारहाे तथाािकसीाभीा्ऺ काराकााकोईाभीामतभेदा उत् पन् ना नहीं ा हु आा तथाा Indo Farm Equipment Itd. कम् पनीा के ा सभीा िनयम?ं ा के ा मुतािबका खरीददारीामायादस् तावेज?ं ाके ासाथालगाताराजारीारही।ाशपथकतार्ा्ष ारााजारीालेजराएकाउन् टास् टटे मेन् टा िदनांका06.08.2016 सेािदनांका23.02.2017 मुविलगा62,86,883.00-45,73,000.00 कीाबावता आपािवप्ष ीा्ष ाराािरसी?् डा्ऺ ाप् ताकराहस् ता्ष रािकयेागयेातथाायहा?व माजारीारहाातथााकोईािवरोधाभासा उत् पन् ना नहीं ा हु आा तथाा पुन?ा िदनांका 31.03.2017 क् लोिजगा बेलेन् सा मुविलगा 76,51,164-76,51,164.00 आपािवप्ष ीा्ष ारााहस् ता्ष राकरा्ऺ ाप् ताभीािकयाागयाातथाायहाकारोबारीािरश् तााजारीा रहाातथाापुन?ािदनांका06.09.2017 कोाक् लोिजगाबेलेन् सामुविलगा23,17,717.00 कोाभीाआपा्ष ाराा हस् ता्ष राकरा्ऺ ाप् तािकयाागयाातथाािकसीाभीा्ऺ काराके ाकोईाआपसीामतभेदाउत् पन् नानहीं ाहु एाक् य?ं िका आपाकम् पनीाके ासभीाकानूनीा्ऺ ावधान?ं ासेावािकफाथे।ापूवर्ाकीाभांिताशपथकतार्ाके ा्ष ारााजारीाएकाउन् टा लेजरािदनांका31.12.2018 मुविलगा13,25,519.00-6,25,519.00 भीाआपा्ष ाराा्ऺ ाप् तािकयाागयाा तथााआपावािकफाथेातथााइसादौरानािवप्ष ीापूवर्ाकीाभांिता्ि क्ै टरास् पेयरापाटसर् ाकोाभीा्ऺ ाप् ताकरतेारहाे तथााउ्व ास् पेयरापाटसर् ामेंाभीाआपािवप्ष ीापरािदनांका14.11.2018 मेंामुविलगा48,463.00 बकायाा हु एा जोा उ्व ा उसकीा आपा िवप्ष ीा कोा पूणर्ा जानकारीा थीा तथाा इसा ्ऺ कारा आपा िवप्ष ीा परा कु ला 6,73,982.00 उधारा(बकाया) पेमेन् टाह,ै िजसाबावताआपािवप्ष ीानेाआ्ष ासनािदयाावालेनदारीाकोा पूणर्ारू पासेाअदााकरनेाहते ुाचैकासंख् या-476024 िदनांका18.01.2019 मुविलगा6,73,982.00 स् वयंा हस् ता्ष राकरािदयाागया।ाशपथकतार्ाकााआपािवप्ष ीापरामुविलगा 6,73,982.00 रू पयाािदनांका

18.01.2019 तकाबकायााथाातथााआपा्ष ाराायहाकहनाािकापूणर्ापेमेन् टािकयाागयााहाै पूणर्त?ागलताहाै शपथकतार्ा्ष ाराािकसीाभीािविधकात?् य?ं ाकोािछपायाानहीं ागयााहाै तथााजोाभीात?् याबकायााधनरािशाकीा बावताशपथकतार्ा्ष ाराापिरवादानेा्ऺ स् तुतािकयेागयेाहाैं यहासहीाह।ै ाशपथकतार्ा्ष ाराा्ऺ थमािदनांका

06.08.2016 सेा लगातारा अिन् तमा िद. 28.03.2017 तका (बावता ्ि क्ै टरसर्) बारहवांा ्ि क्ै टरा कीा िडलीवरीाचालाना्ि क्ै टराके ासाथाहीािदयेागयेातथाािडलीवरीाचालानािदनांकासेाहीाआपाडीलर/िवप्ष ीा कोाहण्ै डाओवरा्ि क्ै टरसर्ाकोाकरािदयाागयाातथााआपािवप्ष ीापराउ्व ाचालानीािदनांकासेािजम् मेदारीाआा जातीाह।ै ाशपथकतार्ा्ष ाराा्ि क्ै टसर्ािडलीवरीाके ासाथाहीाआपािवप्ष ीाके ादाियत् वाशुरू ाहोाजातेाहाैं िजससेा आपािवप्ष ीावािकफाथे।ा्ि क्े टसर्ाकीाबावताइनवोइसाभीाजारीािकयेागयेापरन् तुाउ्व ाइनवोइसाकोाबतौरा सा?् य/पेमेन् टाबकायााकीाबावतारोकाकराबादामेंाभीािदयेाजातेाथे।ा(यिदाशपथकतार्ासबाकु छािडलीवरीा चाला, ्ि क्ै टरावामयाइनवाइसाके ाआपािवप्ष ीाके ासुपुदर्ाकरादेताातोाउसके ापासाबतौरास?् यावास् तेा पेमेन् टाबकायााहते ुाक् यााबचेगा) इसा्ऺ काराशपथकतार्ा्ष ारााजोाबकायाापेमेन् टापराअथवाािडलीवरीा चालानाकीािदनांकासेाहीाकम् पनीाके ा्ऺ ावधान?ं ाके ामुतािबकाहीा?् यााकाालेजराअकाउंटातैयारािकयाागयाा ह,ै िजसालेजराअकाउंटासेाआपा्ऺ ारम् भासेाहीावािकफाथे।ासाथाहीाआपािवप्ष ीा्ष ाराायहाभीाविणता िकयाागयाािकाइनवाइसासेा?् याजानहीं ालगायी, परन् तुाचालानीािडलीवरीािदनांकासेालगायीातोाआपा ्ष ाराायहावास् तिवकात?् याजोािछपायाागयााहाै तथााहमेशाासेाहीािडलीवरीाचालानाािदनांकासेाहीापेमेंटा कीाशुरआताहोतीाहाै तथाालेजराअकाउंटातैयारािकयाागयााह।ै ाइसा्ऺ काराशपथकतार्ा्ष ारााजोा्ि क्ै टरसर्ा काालेजराअकाउंटातैयारािकयाागयााहाै वहासहीा?् याजाके ासाथाहाै तथााशपथकतार्ा्ष ारााजोाचैकाधनरािशा विणताकीागईाहाै वहापूणर्त?ासहीावासटीकाहाै तथााआपािवप्ष ीाकीानीयतामेंाखोटाआागयााहाै तथााआपा ्ष ारााशपथकतार्ाकोाधनरािशाकोाअदाानहीािकयाागया।ाशपथकतार्ा्ष ाराा?् याजाकाािनधार् णाएजपरा डायरेक् शनाआफादाकम् पनीाके ारू ल् साएण् डारेग् यूलेशनाके ातहताहीातैयारािकयाागयााजोादस् तावेजीा िरकाडर्ाहाै परन् तुाआपा्ष ाराादािखलाविणतापेमेन् टा्ि ान् सफराउदया?टोािलस् टापूणर्त?ासहीानहीं ाहाै तथाा असलात?् य?ं ाकोािछपाकरातैयाराकीागयीाह,ै जोापूणर्त?ासहीानहीं ाह।ै ाशपथकतार्/पिरवादीा्ष ाराादािखला अनैक् चरा1 लगायता14 सेा?व मश?ाIndo Farm Equipment ltd. िदनांका20.06.2016 वालेजरा एकाउन् टा िदनांका 01.04.2016 सेा 31.12.2018 कीा छाया्ऺ िता वा लेजरा एकाउन् टा िदनांका

01.04.2018 सेा14.01.2018 कीाछाया्ऺ ितासेािवप्ष ीाएकाउन् टास् टटे साकाािरकॉडर्ादािखलािकयाा गयााह,ै जोाकम् पनीा्ष ारााविणताकानून?ं ाके ातहताहीातैयारािकयाागयााहाै वासहीाह।ै ाशपथकतार्ा्ष ारााकु छा भीाबकायााधनरािशाकीाबावतािछपायाानहीं ागया, बिल् काआपािवप्ष ीा्ष ाराानोिटसाजबावाके ापैरा-8 मेंा बकायाापेमेन् टाकीाबावताभीाकहा, परन् तुाउ्व ाविणताधनरािशासहीाह,ै परन् तुासबाकु छाजानतेाहु एाभीा आपा्ष ाराासमयासेाभुगतानानहीं ािकयाागयााऔराचैकाकााअनादरािकयाागयााचैका्ि क्ै टराके ाबकायाावा ्ि क्ै टसर्ास् पेयरापाटसर् ाके ाबकायााबनाकीाबावताआपािवप्ष ीा्ष ाराािदयाागया।ाइसा्ऺ काराशपथकतार्/ पिरवादीाकोाबकायाा्ि क्ै टसर्ापेमेन् टाकीाकु लाचैकाधनरािशामुविलगा6,73,982.00 रू पयेाकीाबावता आपािवप्ष ीाकोा्ऺ ारम् भासेाजानकारीाथीातथााआपािवप्ष ीा्ष ाराादस् तावेजीासा?् याके ापरेाजाकरािसफर् ा मनग?़ न् ताकहानीा्ऺ स् तुताकराजबावा्ऺ स् तुतािकयाागयााहै, जोािकसीाभीादशाामेंापोषणीयानहीं ाहाै तथाा प?ा ेाजानेायोग् यानहीं ाहाै तथाावादीाकाावादा्ऺ थमादृ ्ि यााहाै तथाा्ऺ ाथ?् ाकाा्ऺ ाथर्ना, प्ऴ ाबावता20 ्ऺ ितशता धनरािशाहते ुाअन् तगर्ताधाराा143A एन०आई०ाएक् टा्ऺ थमादृ ्ि यााहाै तथाापोषणीयाहाै तथाास् वीकारािकयेा जानेायोग् याह।ै ातथाा्ऺ ाथ?् /शपथकतार्ाकाा्ऺ ाथर्नााप्ऴ ास् वीकारािकयााजावे।ाजवाबा्ऺ ितउ्त राशपथप्ऴ ा िवप्ष ीारवेन् ्श ािसहा्ष ाराािदनांिक-21.09.2022 ्ऺ स् तुताकराकथनािकयाागयााहाै िका्ऺ ाथ?् /िवप्ष ीावादीा उदयवीराकोावषर्ा2016 सेावषर्ा2018 तका्ि क्ै टरालेतेासमयासम् पूणर्ाभुगतानाकराचुकााह।ै ावादीा उदयवीराइसीादौरानािदनांका05.09.2016 सेािदनांक-03.12.2018 तकाभुगतानािकयेाजानेाके ा उपरान् ताभीा?् याजािविभन् नािदनांक?ं ामेंालगातांराउसेादशार्ताारहााह।ै ावषर्ा2018 के ाउपरान् ताअबाबतौरा िसक् योिरटीारावाा?् लैंकाचैकापराउ्व ाधनरािशाकोाभरकराउपरो्व ावादामाननीयान् यायालयामेंात?् य?ं ाकोा छुपाकरा्ऺ स् तुताकराअबाअन् तगर्ताधारा143-एाएन०आई०ाएक् टाकााझू?ाा्ऺ ाथर्नााप्ऴ ा20 ्ऺ ितशता धनरािशालेनेाहते ुा्ऺ स् तुताकरारहााह,ै जबिकाउसकीाकोईाधनरािशाबकायाानहीं ाह।ै ा्ऺ ाथ?् ानेाजबाभीावादीा उदयवीरासेाअपनेाफॉमर्ाकाा्ि क्ै टरामंगायााहै, तोािनयमानुसाराउसापरासारेाखच?ॏाजो?़ करातथाा्ि क्ै टरासेा ्ऺ ाथ?् ाकााकमीशनाकाटकराबुगतानािकयााजाताारहााहै, तोाअबाउसकीाधनरािशाकै सेाबकायाारहागयी।ा वादीाबतौरािसक् योिरटीारखेा?् लैंकाचैकाकाागलताउपयोगाकरारहााह,ै जोिकागैराकानूनीाह।ै ावादीाकाा अन् तगर्ताधाराा143एाएन०ाआई०ाएक् टाकाा्ऺ ाथर्नाप्ऴ ापोषणीयानहीं ाह,ै खािरजाहोनेायोग् याह।ै प्ऴ ावलीाकााअवलोकनािकया। प्ऴ ावलीाके ाअवलोकनासेास् प्ि ाहाै िकापिरवादीा्ष ाराािवप्ष ीाके ािवरू ्ध ाएन.आई.एक् टाकीाधारा-138 के ा तहतामु-6,73,982/- रू पयेाके ाचैकाकीाधनरािशाकीाबावतासंिस् थतािकयाागयााहाै िजसापरान् यायालया के ाआदेशािदनांिकत-07.12.2019 ्ष ाराािवप्ष ीारवेन् ्श ािसहाकोाधारा-138 एन.आईाएक् टाके ािवचारणा हते ुातलबािकयाागयााह।ै ािवप्ष ीान् यायालयामेंाउपिस् थताआयाातथााउसके ा्ष ारााअपनीाजमानताकरायीा गयी।ान् यायालया्ष ारााअिभयु्व ाकााबयानाअन् तगर्ताधारा-251 दं०्ऺ ०सं०ािदनांका04.04.2022 कोा अंिकतािकयाागयााह।ै ाउसके ाउपरान् तापिरवादीाकीाओरासेाचैकामेंाविणताधनरािशा20 ्ऺ ितशता्ऺ ितकरा के ा रू पा मेंा िदलायेा जानेा हते ुा आवेदना ्ऺ स् तुता िकयाा गयाा ह।ै ा उ्व ा के ा सन् दभर्ा मेंा धाराा 143 का एन०आई०एक् टाकााअवलोकनािकयााजानााआवश् यका्ऺ तीताहोतााह,ै जोायहाअवधािरताकरतीाहाै िका न् यायालयाप्ऴ ावलीामेंाबयानामुिल् जमािवरिचताकरनेाके ाउपरान् ताअंतिरमा्ऺ ितकराके ारू पामेंा20 ्ऺ ितशता तकाचैकाकीाधनरािशापिरवादीाकोािवप्ष ीासेा्ऺ दानािकयेाजानेाहते ुाआदेिशताकरासकतीाह।ै माननीयाउ?् चान् यायालया्ष ारााआदेशािदनांिकत-08.05.2025 मेंामाननीयाउ?् चतमान् यायालया्ष ाराा िविधा ?ि वस् थाा Rakesh Ranjan Srivastava V. State of Jharkhand and another;

(2024) 3 S.C.R. 438 मेंािदयेागयेािदशा-िनद?ॏशाके ापिर्ऺ े?् यामेंाआदेशामेंापािरतािकयेाजानेाहते ुा िनद?ॏिशतािकयाागयााह।ै ाइसासम् बन् धामेंामाननीयाउ?् चतमान् यायालया्ष ारााउ्व ासम् मािनतािविधा?ि वस् थाा मेंािदयेागयेािदशा-िनद?ॏश?ं ाकााअवलोकनािकयाागया। माननीयाउ?् चतमान् यायालया्ष ारााउपरो्व ािविधा?ि वस् थाामेंाधारा-143एाके ाअन् तगर्तािववेकािधकाराकाा ्ऺ योगाकरनेाके ािलएािनम् ना?ि ापकामानदंडािदयेागयेाह,ैं जोािनम् ना्ऺ काराह:ै -

(i) न् यायालयाकोा्ऺ थमादृ ्ि याािशकायतकतार्ा्ष ाराा्ऺ स् तुतामामलेाके ागुण-दोषाऔराआवेदनाके ा उ्त रामेंाअिभयु्व ा्ष ाराा्ऺ स् तुताबचावाप्ष ाके ागुण-दोषाकाामूल् यांकनाकरनााहोगा।ाअिभयु्व ा कीाआ?थकातंगीाकोाभीाध् यानामेंारखााजाासकतााह।ै

(ii) अंतिरमामुआवजाादेनेाकाािनद?ॏशातभीाजारीािकयााजाासकतााह,ै जबािशकायतकतार्ा्ऺ थमा दृ ्ि याामामलााबनातााह।ै

(iii) यिदाअिभयु्व ाकााबचावा्ऺ थमादृ ्ि याािव्ष सनीयापायााजातााहै, तोान् यायालयाअंतिरमा मुआवजाादेनेासेाइंकाराकरनेामेंािववेकािधकाराकाा्ऺ योगाकरासकतााह।ै

(iv) यिदान् यायालयाइसािन?् कषर्ापरापहु चँ तााहाै िकाअंतिरमामुआवजाादेनेाकाामामलााबनतााहै, तोाउसेािदएाजानेावालेाअंतिरमामुआवजेाकीारािशापराभीािवचाराकरनााहोगा।ाऐसााकरतेासमय , न् यायालयाकोाकईाकारक?ं ापरािवचाराकरनााहोगााजैसेािकालेन-देनाकीा्ऺ क? ित, अिभयु्व ा औरािशकायतकतार्ाके ाबीचासंबंध, यिदाकोईाहो, आिद।

(v) िकसीािदएागएामामलेाके ािविश्ि ात?् य?ं ामेंाकईाअन् या्ऺ ासंिगकाकारकाहोासकतेाहैं, िजन् हाें पूरीातरहासेानहीं ाबतायााजाासकता।ाऊपराबताएागएामानदंडासंपूणर्ानहीं ाह।ै उ्व ा्ऺ ाथर्नााप्ऴ ापरािवचाराकरतेाहु एािनम् नात?् य?ं ापरािवचारािकयााजानााआवश् यकाह।ै ????ादाकाा?ऺ ??ा?ृ ?ि ?ाा?ा??ाा(Prima Facie Case) इसा्ऺ कारावादप्ऴ , चैक, बैंकामेमोावानोिटसाआिदाकााअवलोकनाकरनेापरायहास् प्ि ाहोतााहाै िका पिरवादीानेावैधािनकाअविधाके ाभीतरा्ऺ श् नगताचैका्ऺ स् तुतािकया, िजसके ाअनादरणाकीािस् थितामेंा िवप्ष ीाकोािविधाअनुसारानोिटसाजारीािकयााह।ै ापिरवादीा्ष ारााधाराा138 N.I. Act कीासमस् ता आवश् यकािविधकाऔपचािरकताएंापूणर्ाकीागयीाह।ैं ाइसा्ऺ कारापिरवादीाकाामामलाा्ऺ थमादृ ्ि याारू पासेा िविधसम् मताएवंास् वीकायर्ा्ऺ तीताहोतााह।ै ाजहांातकािवप्ष ीाकााकथनािकापिरवादीानेामनमानेातरीके ासेा गलता?् याजाजो?़ कराबकायााधनरािशािदखाकरापिरवादीाके ापासाबतौरािसक् योिरटीाअमानतीाचैकाकोा अपनीामज?् ासेाधनरािशाभरकराउसापराचैकाकाागलताउपयोगापिरवादीा्ष ाराािकयाागयााह।ै ािवप्ष ीा ्ष ाराास् वयंाधारा-251 दं०्ऺ ०सं०ाके ातहतािदएागएाबयानामेंाचैकािदएाजानेाकीाबातास् वीकाराकीागईाह।ै ा चैकािवप्ष ीा्ष ारााहस् ता्ष िरताहाै तथाािन?द्ि ाितिथा(18.01.2019) तथााधनरािशा?6,73,982/- रू पयेा स् प्ि ारू पासेाअंिकताह।ै ािवप्ष ीाकाािसफर् ायहाकहादेनाािकाचैकािसक् योिरटीाहते ुाथा, पयार्पतानहीं ाह,ै जबा तकािकाइसाकथनाके ासमथर्नामेंाकोईािलिखतामेंा?ोसासा?् याजैसेािकासमझौतााप्ऴ , रसीद, याा िलिखताअनुबंधानाहो।ािवप्ष ीा्ष ारााइसासम् बन् धामेंाकोईादस् तावेजा्ऺ स् तुतानहीं ािकयाागयााह।ै ािवप्ष ीा ्ष ारााकोईादस् तावेजाऐसाा्ऺ स् तुतानहीं ािकयाागयााहै, िजससेायहािस्ध ाहोासके ािकाचैकािसफर् ाअमानतीा थााऔराउसमेंामनमानेा?़ ंगासेारािशाभरीागई।ायिदाऐसााहोता, तोािवप्ष ीा्ष ारााबैंकाकोाभुगतानारु कवानेा के ािलएासूचनाादेनीाचािहएाथी, ?कतुाऐसााकोईासा?् या्ऺ स् तुतानहीं ािकयाागया।ाइसके ाअितिर्व ािवप्ष ीा नेायहातकर् ािलयााहाै िकाचैकापराहस् ता्ष राउसके ानहीं ाह।ैं ाचैकामेंाविणतारािशाऔराहस् ता्ष राएकाहीापेना सेािकएागएा्ऺ थमादृ ्ि याा्ऺ तीताहोतेाह,ैं परंतुाअिभयु्व ानेाइसेालेकराकोईािवशेषाआपि्त ायाासा?् या ्ऺ स् तुतानहीं ािकयााह।ै इसके ाअितिर्व ािवप्ष ीाकााकहनााहाै िकाउ्व ाचैकाके वलासुर्ष ााके ािलएािदयाागयााथा, औराउसापरा कीागईारािशाभरनाामनमानेा?़ ंगासेािकयाागया, परन् तुािवप्ष ीानेाऐसााकोईासा?् या्ऺ स् तुतानहीं ािकयाा िजससेायहािस्ध ाहोासके ािकाचैकाके वलाअमानता(security) के ारू पामेंािदयााथा।ासाथाहीािवप्ष ीानेा यहाभीातकर् ानहीं ािलयेागयेाहाैं िकाचैकापरािकएागएाहस् ता्ष राउसके ानहीं ाह।ैं ावादप्ऴ , चैक, बैंकामेमोावा नोिटसाआिदाकााअवलोकनाकरनेापरायहास् प्ि ाहोतााहाै िकापिरवादीानेावैधािनकाअविधाके ाभीतरा ्ऺ श् नगताचैका्ऺ स् तुतािकया, िजसके ाअनादरणाकीािस् थितामेंािवप्ष ीाकोािविधाअनुसारानोिटसाजारीा िकयााह।ै ापिरवादीा्ष ारााधाराा138 N.I. Act कीासमस् ताआवश् यकािविधकाऔपचािरकताएंापूणर्ाकीा गयीाह।ै ाअत?ा्ऺ थमादृ ्ि याामामलााधारा-138 के ातहताबनताा्ऺ तीताहोतााह।ै ?ऺ ???? ?ाक?ा?ा??ा(Amount of Compensation) चूंिकाचैका?6,73,982/- कीारािशाकााह,ै अत?ाधाराा143A के ातहत, अिभयु्व ाकोाइसारािशाकाा20 अंतिरमामुआवजाादेनेाकाािनद?ॏशािदयााजानाान् यायोिचताहोगा, जोा?1,34,796.40/-रू पयेाहोतााह।ै ा ्ऺ स् तुताआवेदनामा्ऴ ाअंतिरमामुआवजााआदेशाहते ुाहै, जोािकानातोाअिन् तमािनणर्याहै, नाहीादोषिसि्ध ा कााआधार।ायिदाअन् तत?ाअिभयु्व ादोषमु्व ाहोतााहाै तोाउसेाएन. आई. एक् टाकीाधाराा143-एाके ा अ?७ तगर्ताभुगतानाकीागयीारािशाकीावापसीाकााअिधकारारहगे ा। ??न-द?नाकाा?ा?ा?ा(Nature of Transaction) पिरवादीावािवप्ष ीाके ामध् या?ि वसाियकालेन-देनारहााह,ै िजसमेंा्ि क्ै टर?ं ाकीाखरीदावािव?व यािकयाागया।ा िवप्ष ीास् वयंायहास् वीकाराकरतााहाै िकाउसनेा्ि क्ै टरापिरवादीाकीाएजेंसीासेािलएाथेाऔराउसीालेन-देना कीा्ऺ ि?व याामेंायहाचैकािदयाागयााथा।ािवप्ष ीाकाायहाकहनाािकाउ्व ाचैकाके वलासुर्ष ााके ािलएािदयाा गयााथा, औराउसापराकीागईारािशाभरनाामनमानेा?़ ंगासेािकयाागया, परन् तुािवप्ष ीानेाऐसााकोईासा?् या ्ऺ स् तुतानहीं ािकयाािजससेायहािस्ध ाहोासके ािकाचैकाके वलाअमानता(security) के ारू पामेंािदयााथा।ा साथाहीािवप्ष ीानेायहाभीानहीं ादशार्याािकाचैकापरािकएागयेाहस् ता्ष राउसके ानहीं ाह।ैं ाइसके ाअितिर्व ा िवप्ष ीा्ष ारााऐसााकोईासा?् या्ऺ स् तुतानहीं ािकयाागयाािजससेायहासािबताहोासके ािकाचैकापरारािशा मनमानेातरीके ासेाभरीागयीाहोाअत?ालेन-देनापूणर्त?ा?ि वसाियका्ऺ क? िताकाा्ऺ तीताहोतााह,ै िजसमेंा भुगतानाकाादाियत् वास् प्ि ारू पासेाबनतााह।ै ??ष का??ं ाक? ा???ा?ं?ं?ा(Relationship Between Parties) प्ष कार?ं ाके ामध् यापूवर्ासेा?ि ापािरकासंबंधारहाे ह।ै ािवप्ष ीा्ष ारााबार-बारापिरवादीासेा्ि कै टरा?व यािकयाा जानाायहािस्ध ाकरतााहाै िकाआपसीािव्ष ासाके ाआधारापरालेन-देनाहोताारहााह,ै परंतुाजबाकोईाचेका िदयााजातााह,ै औरावहाबाउंसाहोतााह,ै तोाआपसीािव्ष ासाकीाशतर्ाटूटाजातीाह।ै ाऐसेामें, पिरवादीाकोा अंतिरमा्ऺ ितपू?तािमलनाान् यायोिचताह।ै ?????व ाक?ा???त ??ाक??ना?ा(Financial Distress): िवप्ष ीा्ष ारााअपनेाजवाब/शपथप्ऴ ामेंाकहीं ाभीायहानहीं ादशार्याागयाािकाउसकीाआ?थकािस् थिताअत् यंता दयनीयाहाै अथवाावहाभुगतानाकरनेामेंापूणर्त?ाअ्ष माह।ै ाके वलाइतनााकहादेनाािकावहाचैकािसक् योिरटीा थााअथवााधनरािशाबकायाानहीं ाह,ै यहाधारा-143A मेंा्ऺ ितपू?तानादेनेाकाापयार्पताआधारानहीं ाह।ै िवप्ष ीा्ष ाराायहाभीानहीं ादशार्याागयाािकावहाआ?थकारू पासेाइतनााअसमथर्ाहाै िका?6,73,982/- कीा 20% रािशाकााअंतिरमाभुगतानानहीं ाकरासकता।ामाननीयाउ?् चतमान् यायालया्ष ाराािविधा?ि वस् थाा Rakesh Ranjan Srivastava V. State of Jharkhand and another; (2024) 3 S.C.R. 438 मेंायहास् प्ि ािकयाागयााहाै िकाधारा-143A एन०आई०एक् टाके ाअंतगर्तामुआव?़ ााआदेशा देनेासेापूवर्ाअिभयु्व ाकीाआ?थकािस् थितापरािवचारािकयााजानााआवश् यकाह,ै परंतुायिदाअिभयु्व ाइसा िवषयामेंाकोईासा?् या्ऺ स् तुतानहीं ाकरतााह,ै तोाआदेशादेनेामेंाबाधाानहीं ाह।ै ाइसके ाअितिर्व ामाननीया उ?् चतमान् यायालयानेाउ्व ािविधा?ि वस् थाामेंायहाभीाअवधािरतािकयााहाै िकाअिभयु्व ायिदायहादावाा करतााहाै िकावहाउ्व ा20% कीारािशाकााभुगतानानहीं ाकरासकताातोाउसेाअपनीाआ?थकाअसमथर्ताा काायथोिचतासा?् या्ऺ स् तुताकरनााहोगा।ायिदावहाऐसाानहीं ाकरता, तोान् यायालयामुआवजााआदेशा पािरताकरनेाके ािलएास् वतं्ऴ ाह।ै अिभयु्व ा्ष ारााअपनीाआ?थकाअसमथर्तााके ासम् बन् धामेंायथोिचतासा?् या्ऺ स् तुतानहीं ािकयाागयााहाै तथाा अिभयु्व ानेायहानहीं ादशार्याािकाउसकीाआ?थकािस् थिताऐसीाहाै िकावहा20% रािशाकााभुगतानानहीं ा करासकता।ाअिभयु्व ा्ष ारााऐसााकोईादस् तावेज/सा?् यान् यायालयाके ासम्ष ा्ऺ स् तुतानहीं ािकयाागयाा िजससेायहाद?शताहोािकावहाआ?थकारू पासेाअ्ष माह।ै ावहीं ा?ू सरीाओर, पिरवादीा्ष ारााचेक, बैंकािरटनर्ा मेमो, िविधकानोिटसातथाापिरवादाके ामाध् यमासेाधारा-138 के ात?् य?ं ाकोाprima facie िस्ध ािकयाा गयााह।ै

उपरो्व ा समस् ता त?् य?ं ा तथाा पिरिस् थितय?ं ा एवमा माननीया सव?ॏ ?् चा न् यायालया कीा िविधा ?ि वस् थाा Rakesh Ranjan Srivastava V. State of Jharkhand and another; (2024) 3 S.C.R. 438 मेंा्ऺ ितपािदतािस्ध ान् ताएवमामामलेाके ासमस् तात?् य?ं ातथाापिरिस् थितय?ं ाकोादृ ि्ि गता रखतेाहु एान् यायालयाके ामतामेंापिरवादीाकोा्ऺ श् नगताधनरािशा?6,73,982/- रू पयेामेंासेा20 ्ऺ ितशता अन् तिरमा्ऺ ितकराके ारू पामेंािदलायेाजानेाकााआधारापयार्पताह।ै ाअत?ाउपरो्व ात?् य?ं ाएवमापिरिस् थितय?ं ा के ाआधारापरापिरवादीा्ष ाराा्ऺ स् तुता्ऺ ाथर्नााप्ऴ ास् वीकारािकयेाजानेायोग् याह।ै 3द?

पिरवादीा्ष ाराा्ऺ स् तुता्ऺ ाथर्नााप्ऴ ाअन् तगर्ताधाराा143 काएन.आई. एक् टास् वीकारािकयााजातााह।ै ा अिभयु्व ाकोाआदेिशतािकयााजातााहाै िकावहापिरवादीाकोाचैकाअनादरणाधनरािशाकाा20 ्ऺ ितशता अंतिरमा्ऺ ितकराके ारू पामेंाआदेशाकीािदनांकासेा60 िदनाके ाअन् दरा्ऺ दानािकयााजानाासु?िनि?ा ताकरे।ा िवप्ष ीा कीा ओरा सेा दािखला आपि्त ा तदानुसारा िनस् तािरता कीा जातीा ह।ै ा प्ऴ ावलीा वास् तेा िदनांक -29.08.2025 कोापेशाहो।"

¶11A close reading of the order dated 07.08.2025 according interim compensation to the tune of 20% under Section 143-A of the N.I. Act would reveal that the Court had referred to several factors being amount of compensation, nature of transaction, relationship of parties, financial distress and prima facie case and with regard to the fact of financial distress, the Court had opined that the documents which have been submitted before the Court below along with the said objection were not sufficient so as to enable the court below to form a tentative opinion that there happened to be financial distress so as to denude the Opposite Party to make the payment of interim compensation to the tune of 20%. As a matter of fact, the court in the proceedings under Section 143-A of N.I. Act is not to record a definite finding regarding the financial distress and the status, but an over all pragmatic view is to be taken which is to be arrived on the basis of the document available on record.

¶12Apparently, in the objection in para-10, cash book of the applicant has been referred in para-11 and 12, it has been asserted that the agency has been closed and the applicant is doing a private job. However, in the opinion of the Court, once the Magistrate has applied its mind and has come to a conclusion that there were no exceptional circumstances to show that there was financial distress, so as not to create a ground for the applicant to make the said payment, this Court is not required to delve into the said issue further. Moreover, before this Court also, there are no convincible documents available on record. Even otherwise the Court finds that the nature of the transaction and the relation of the parties has also dealt with in extenso.

¶13Accordingly, interference is declined. The application stands rejected. September 17, 2025 N.S.Rathour (Vikas Budhwar,J.) High Court of Judicature at Allahabad