Industrial Relations Code, 2020 · Chapter IV: Standing Orders
Section 31: Certifying officers and appellate authority to have powers of civil court
(1) Every certifying officer and the appellate authority referred to in section 32 shall have all the powers of a civil court for the purposes of receiving evidence, administering oath, enforcing the attendance of witnesses, and compelling the discovery and production of documents, and shall be deemed to be a civil court within the meaning of sections 345 and 346 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974).
(2) Clerical or arithmetical mistakes in any order passed by a certifying officer, or errors arising therein from any accidental slip or omission may, at any time, be corrected by that officer or successor in office of such officer.
Source: India Code (indiacode.gov.in), the consolidated text published by the Legislative Department, Government of India. Text as updated on India Code on 14 October 2026. Words in square brackets [ ] were inserted or substituted by later amending Acts, and *** marks words omitted by an amendment. The amendment footnotes are not reproduced here. Official text on India Code.
Supreme Court judgments citing the section 31
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