Section 193: Agent's responsibility for sub-agent appointed without authority

In plain words

If an agent appoints a sub-agent without authority, the agent stands as principal to that person and is responsible for their acts to both the principal and third persons. The principal is neither represented by nor responsible for that person.

A simplified explanation, prepared with AI assistance from the official text below and checked automatically against it for numbers and cross-references. The official text is the law and prevails over this summary. Not legal advice.

Official text

Where an agent, without having authority to do so, has appointed a person to act as a sub-agent, the agent stands towards such person in the relation of a principal to an agent, and is responsible for his acts both to the principal and to third persons; the principal is not represented, by or responsible for the acts of the person so employed, nor is that person responsible to the principal.

Source: India Code (indiacode.gov.in), the consolidated text published by the Legislative Department, Government of India. Text as updated on India Code on 15 October 2026. Words in square brackets [ ] were inserted or substituted by later amending Acts, and *** marks words omitted by an amendment. The amendment footnotes are not reproduced here. Official text on India Code.

Supreme Court judgments citing the section 193

No Supreme Court judgment in our database cites this section yet.