Constitution of India · Part XII: Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits · Distribution of Revenues between the Union and the States
Article 277: Savings
In plain words
Taxes, duties, cesses or fees lawfully levied by a State or local authority just before the Constitution began can continue to be levied for the same purposes, even if they are in the Union List, until Parliament provides otherwise by law.
A simplified explanation, prepared with AI assistance from the official text below and checked automatically against it for numbers and cross-references. The official text is the law and prevails over this summary. Not legal advice.
Official text
Any taxes, duties, cesses or fees which, immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, were being lawfully levied by the Government of any State or by any municipality or other local authority or body for the purposes of the State, municipality, district or other local area may, notwithstanding that those taxes, duties, cesses or fees are mentioned in the Union List, continue to be levied and to be applied to the same purposes until provision to the contrary is made by Parliament by law.
Source: India Code (Legislative Department), the official text of the Constitution of India. As amended up to the Constitution (One Hundred and Sixth Amendment) Act, 2023. Text as on 10 September 2026. Words in square brackets [ ] were inserted or substituted by later amending Acts, and *** marks words omitted by an amendment. The amendment footnotes are not reproduced here. Official text on India Code.
Supreme Court judgments citing the article 277
- M/S. Ocl India Ltd v. State of Orrisa and Ors.
- Som Lal v. Vijay Laxmi & Ors.
- M/S. Peeka Y Re-Rolling Mills (P) Ltd. v. The Assistant Commissioner and Anr.
- Rameshwar Prasad and Ors. v. Union of India and Anr.
- Associated Cement Companies Ltd. v. State of Madhya Pradesh and Anr.
- State of Bihar and Ors. v. Shree Baidyanath Ayurved Bhawan (P) Ltd. and Ors.
- Municipalcouncil, Kota, Rajasthan v. The Delhi Cloth and General Mills Co. Ltd.
- S.R. Bommai v. Union of India and Ors.
- Indore Municipal Corporation v. Gujarat Co-Operative Housing Society Ltd. & Anr.
- Orissa Cement Ltd and Ors. Etc. Etc v. State of Orissa and Ors. Etc. Etc.
- Synthetics & Chemicals Ltd. Etc. v. State of U.P. and Ors.
- State of Madhya Pradesh v. Vyankatlal & Anr.
- State of Gujarat & Ors Etc. v. Raman Lal Keshav Lal & Ors. Etc.
- R. R. Engineering Co. v. Zila Parishad, Bareilly & Anr.
- Firm Surajmal Banshidhar, Etc. v. The Municipal Board, Ganganagar
- Union of India v. City Municipal Council, Bellary
- Ishwar Das Malhotra v. Union of India and Others
- State of Kerala v. South India Corporation(P) Ltd
- State of Punjab & Ors. v. Sukh Deb Sarup Gupta
- Janapada Sabha, Chhindwara Etc. v. The Central Provinces Syndicate Ltd. and Anr. Etc.
- Corporation of Calcuta and Another v. Liberty Cinema
- Hyderabad Chemical and Pharmaceutical Works Ltd. Etc. v. State of Andhra Pradesh and Ors.
- C. Rajagopalachari v. Corporation of Madras
- The Town Municipal Committee, Amravati v. Ramchandra Vasudeo Chimote and Another
- The South India Corporation(P) Ltd. v. The Secretary, Board of Revenue, Trivandrum & Anr.
- The Amalgamated Coalfields Ltd. and Another v. The Janapada Sabha, Chhindwara
- Adhyaksha Mathur Babu'S Sakti Oushadhalaya Dacca (P) Ltd. and Others v. Union of India
- Rama Krishna Ramanath v. The .Janpad Sabha, Gondia
- The Amalgamated Coalfields Ltd. and Others v. The Janapada Sabha, Chhindwara
- Union of India and Others v. Maharaja Krishnagarh Mills Ltd. (In Liquidation) .
- Diamond Sugar Mills Ltd., and Another v. The State of Uttar Pradesh and Another
- K.S. Rashid and Son v. The Income Tax Investigation Commission, Etc.
- D.R.Madhavakrishnaiah v. The Income-Tax Officer, Bangalore.