Constitution of India · Part XI: Relations Between the Union and the States · Distribution of Legislative Powers

Article 245: Extent of laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States

Official text

Source: India Code (Legislative Department), the official text of the Constitution of India. As amended up to the Constitution (One Hundred and Sixth Amendment) Act, 2023. Text as on 10 September 2026. Words in square brackets [ ] were inserted or substituted by later amending Acts, and *** marks words omitted by an amendment. The amendment footnotes are not reproduced here. Official text on India Code.

Supreme Court judgments citing the article 245

• M/s U.P. Asbestos Limited v. State of Rajasthan & Others
  2025 INSC 115424 September 2025

  Issue arose as regards the validity of the Notification No. S.O.377, dated 09.03.2007, issued by the Government of Rajasthan in exercise of its powers conferred by s.8(3) of the Rajasthan Value Added Tax Act, 2003…

• The State of Telangana & Ors. Etc. v. Kalluri Naga Narasimha Abhiram & Ors. Etc.
  2025 INSC 10581 September 2025Disposed of

  Whether the wisdom of the legislature in defining a ‘local candidate’ entitled to apply under the ‘Competent Authority Seats/Quota’, by a subordinate legislation, in consonance with a Presidential Order issued…

• National Spot Exchange Limited v. Union of India & Ors.
  2025 INSC 69414 May 2025

  Whether the Secured creditors would have priority of interest over the assets attached under the Provisions of Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002, (PMLA) and Maharashtra Protection of Investors and Depositors Act,…

• P. Rammohan Rao v. K. Srinivas and Ors. Etc.
  2025 INSC 21213 February 2025Disposed of

  Issue arose whether the period of officiating service of the temporarily appointed Assistant Executive Engineers-AEEs between 1990-1992 including the appellants should be taken into account for considering their…

• Sanjeevkumar Harakchand Kankariya v. Union of India & Ors.
  [2024] 12 S.C.R. 86619 December 2024Dismissed

  Issue arose whether in view of the inconsistency between the Court Fees Act, 1870 and Maharashtra Court Fees Act, 1959, if any, would the appellant be entitled to a complete refund of court fees per the former, since it…

• State of U.P. & Ors v. M/S Lalta Prasad Vaish and Sons
  2024 INSC 81223 October 2024Reference answered in above terms.

  The issues which arise for adjudication in this reference pertain to the scope of the power of the State Legislatures under Entry 8 and the meaning of the phrase “intoxicating liquor”. The question is whether…

• Khalsa University and Another v. The State of Punjab and Another
  2024 INSC 7513 October 2024Appeal(s) allowed

  The High Court dismissed the writ petition filed by the appellants inter-alia seeking a writ in the nature of certiorari praying for quashing “The Khalsa University (Repeal) Act, 2017” dated 17 th July 2017. The issues…

• Industries Ltd. v. Union of India [2000] Supp. 4 SCR 44 : (2001) 1
  2024 INSC 55425 July 2024Reference answered

  The questions which arose for determination are as to what is the true nature of royalty determined u/s.9 r/w s.15(1) of the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957; whether royalty is in the nature of…

• The State of West Bengal v. Union of India
  2024 INSC 50210 July 2024Directions issued

  Instant suit has been filed by the State of West Bengal against Union of India seeking declaration that registration of cases by the defendant-UOI after withdrawal of Notification u/s. 6 of the DSPE Act by the…

• Kunwer Sachdev v. 1 Idbi Bank & Ors
  2024:DHC:104212 February 2024
• Gajender Singh Drall and Ors v. Govt of NCT of Delhi and Ors
  DHC DLHC010051012018 24012424 January 2024
• Yudhvir Singh & Anr v. Govt. of NCT of Dlehi & Ors
  DHC DLHC013708952018 24012424 January 2024
• Areas v. UOI [Dr. Dhananjaya Y Chandrachud, Cji]
  2023 INSC 108623 November 2023Disposed of

  Matter pertains to the scope of the Court’s power to issue directions for the grant of proportional representation for the Limboo-Tamang Scheduled Tribes in the House of the People and in the Legislative Assemblies of…

• The State of Telangana & Ors. v. M/S Tirumala
  2023 INSC 94220 October 2023Disposed of

  The Constitution (101st Amendment) Act, 2016, introduces a fundamental re-ordering of the constitutional premise of taxation by the Union and State Governments in India. It is the framework to enable the introduction of…

• Supriyo @ Supriya Chakraborty & Anr. v. Union
  2023 INSC 92017 October 2023Disposed of
• Sh. Saurabhh Shukla v. Indira Gandhi National Open University and Anr
  2023:DHC:736327 September 2023
• Government of NCT of Delhi v. Union of India
  2023 INSC 51711 May 2023Reference answered
• Anoop Baranwal v. Union of India
  2023 INSC 1902 March 2023Partly allowed
• Janhit Abhiyan v. Union of India
  2022 INSC 11757 November 2022Disposed of
• M/S. Ocl India Ltd v. State of Orrisa and Ors.
  2022 INSC 11634 November 2022Dismissed
• Aishat Shifa v. The State of Karnataka & Ors
  2022 INSC 108513 October 2022Matter placed before CJI.
• Harbhajan Singh v. State of Haryana & Ors.
  2022 INSC 98920 September 2022Dismissed
• Independent Schools’ Federation of India (Regd.) v. Union of India and Another
  2022 INSC 87929 August 2022Dismissed
• Satyajit Kumar & Ors. v. The State of Jharkhand & Ors.
  2022 INSC 7852 August 2022Partly allowed
• Union of India & Anr v. M/S Mohit Minerals Pvt. Ltd. Through Director
  2022 INSC 59619 May 2022Dismissed
• The Secretary to Govt. of Kerala, Irrigation Department and Others v. James Varghese and Others
  2022 INSC 5064 May 2022Disposed of
• State of Karnataka & Anr. Etc. v. State of Meghalaya & Anr. Etc.
  2022 INSC 33123 March 2022Appeal(s) allowed
• The State of Manipur & Ors. v. Surjakumar Okram & Ors.
  2022 INSC 1341 February 2022Disposed of
• Union of India v. Rajendra N. Shah and Another
  2021 INSC 34020 July 2021Disposed of
• G. Mohan Rao & Ors. v. State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.
  2021 INSC 31129 June 2021Dismissed
• Forum for People’S Collective Efforts (Fpce) & Anr. v. The State of West Bengal & Anr.
  2021 INSC 2834 May 2021Allowed
• Government of Maharashtra (Water Resources Department) Represented by Executive Engineer v. M/S Borse Brothers Engineers & Contractors Pvt. Ltd.
  2021 INSC 19419 March 2021Disposed of
• Parmar Samantsinh Umedsinh and Others v. State of Gujarat & Ors.
  2021 INSC 11524 February 2021Disposed of
• Union of India & Ors. v. M/S G S Chatha Rice Mills & Anr.
  2020 INSC 56123 September 2020Dismissed
• Union of India & Ors. v. Exide Industries Limited & Anr.
  2020 INSC 35024 April 2020Appeal(s) allowed
• Chebrolu Leela Prasad Rao & Ors. v. State of A.P. & Ors.
  2020 INSC 34422 April 2020Appeal(s) allowed
• Rajendra Diwan v. Pradeep Kumar Ranibala & Anr.
  2019 INSC 135310 December 2019Referred question answered.
• Dr. Ashwani Kumar v. Union of India and Another
  2019 INSC 10075 September 2019Disposed of
• Amit Kumar Roy v. Union of India & Ors.
  2019 INSC 7203 July 2019Disposed of
• B K Pavitra and Ors. v. The Union of India and Ors
  2019 INSC 67110 May 2019Dismissed
• Govt. of NCT of Delhi v. Union of India
  2019 INSC 19414 February 2019Disposed of
• Union of India & Anr. v. Mohit Mineral Pvt. Ltd.
  2018 INSC 9293 October 2018Leave Granted & Disposed off
• Justice K. S. Puttaswamy (Retd.) v. Union of India & Ors.
  2018 INSC 88026 September 2018Disposed of
• Medical Council of India v. State of Kerala & Ors.
  2018 INSC 81012 September 2018Appeal(s) allowed
• Navtej Singh Johar & Ors. v. Union of India Thr. Secretary Ministry of Law and Justice
  2018 INSC 7906 September 2018Disposed of
• State (Nct of Delhi) v. Brijesh Singh @ Arun Kumar and Anr.
  2017 INSC 10189 October 2017Appeal(s) allowed
• Justice K S Puttaswamy (Retd.), and Anr. v. Union of India and Ors.
  2017 INSC 80124 August 2017Reference answered
• Ms. Eera Through Dr. Manjula Krippendorf v. State (Govt. of NCT of Delhi) & Anr.
  2017 INSC 65821 July 2017Disposed of
• Sonu@Amar v. State of Haryana
  2017 INSC 63418 July 2017Dismissed
• Binoy Viswam v. Union of India & Ors.
  2017 INSC 4789 June 2017Disposed of
• Power Machines India Limited v. State of Madhya Pradesh & Ors.
  2017 INSC 35517 April 2017Dismissed
• State of Himachal Pradesh and Others v. Satpal Saini
  2017 INSC 12608 February 2017Appeal(s) allowed
• Krishna Kumar Singh & Anr v. State of Bihar & Ors.
  2017 INSC 11 January 2017Reference answered
• Jindal Stainless Ltd. & Anr v. State of Haryana & Ors
  2016 INSC 101911 November 2016Directions issued
• Cellular Operators Association of India and Others v. Telecom Regulatory Authority of India and Others
  2016 INSC 41011 May 2016Appeal(s) allowed
• Andhra Pradesh State Council of Higher Education v. Union of India & Ors. Etc.
  2016 INSC 27018 March 2016Appeal(s) allowed
• Vishal N. Kalsaria v. Bank of India & Ors.
  2016 INSC 7620 January 2016Appeal(s) allowed
• Supreme Court Advocates-On-Record Association and Another v. Union of India
  2015 INSC 28516 October 2015
• Gvk Industries Ltd. &Anr. v. The Income Tax Officer & Anr.
  2015 INSC 13118 February 2015Dismissed
• Nawal Kishore Mishra & Ors. Etc. v. High Court of Judicature at Allahabad Through Its Registrar General & Ors. Etc.
  2015 INSC 12717 February 2015Dismissed
• S. T. Sadiq v. State of Kerala& Ors.
  2015 INSC 914 February 2015Appeal(s) allowed
• Madras Bar Association v. Union of India and Another
  2014 INSC 68525 September 2014Disposed of
• Subrata Chattoraj v. Union of India & Ors.
  2014 INSC 3929 May 2014Disposed of
• Animal Welfare Board of India v. A. Nagaraja & Ors.
  2014 INSC 3707 May 2014Disposed of
• Sondur Gopal v. Sondur Rajini
  2013 INSC 46515 July 2013Disposed of
• Republic of Italy and Ors. v. Union of India and Ors.
  2013 INSC 4318 January 2013Disposed of
• Maa Vaishno Devi Mahila Mahavidyalaya v. State of U.P. & Ors.
  2012 INSC 60013 December 2012Disposed of
• State of M.P. v. Rakesh Kohli & Anr.
  2012 INSC 23411 May 2012Appeal(s) allowed
• State of Kerala & Ors. v. M/S. Mar Appraem Kuri Co. Ltd. & Anr.
  2012 INSC 2058 May 2012Reference answered
• State of Punjab v. Dalbir Singh
  2012 INSC 661 February 2012Dismissed
• Vodafone International Holdings B.V. v. Union of India & Anr.
  2012 INSC 4520 January 2012Appeal(s) allowed
• State of Tamil Nadu & Ors. v. K. Shyam Sunder & Ors.
  2011 INSC 5559 August 2011Dismissed
• K.T. Plantation Pvt. Ltd. & Anr v. State of Karnataka
  2011 INSC 5549 August 2011Dismissed
• Gvk Inds. Ltd. & Anr. v. The Income Tax Officer & Anr.
  2011 INSC 1671 March 2011Reference answered
• Glanrock Estate (P) Ltd. v. State of Tamil Nadu
  2010 INSC 5899 September 2010Dismissed
• K.K. Poonacha v. State of Karnataka and Others
  2010 INSC 5747 September 2010Dismissed
• Union of India v. R. Gandhi, President, Madras Bar Association
  2010 INSC 30511 May 2010Partly allowed
• Zameer Ahmed Latifur Rehman Sheikh v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.
  2010 INSC 23723 April 2010Disposed of
• M/S. Jindal Stainless Ltd. & Anr. v. State of Haryana and Ors.
  2010 INSC 21516 April 2010Matter referred to larger bench
• State of West Bengal & Ors. v. The Committee for Protection of Democratic Rights, West Bengal & Ors
  2010 INSC 10417 February 2010Disposed of
• Tika Ram & Ors. v. State of U.P. & Ors.
  2009 INSC 11239 September 2009Dismissed
• A. Manjula Bhashini & Others v. The Managing Director, Ap. Womens Cooperative Finance Corporation Ltd. and Another,
  2009 INSC 8656 July 2009Disposed of
• Global Energy Ltd. & Anr. v. Central Electricity Regulatory Commission
  2009 INSC 78511 May 2009Appeal(s) allowed
• Union of India & Ors. v. M/S Martin Lottery Agencies Ltd.
  2009 INSC 7015 May 2009Dismissed
• Commissioner of Income-Tax, New Delhi v. M/S Eli Lilly & Company (India) Pvt. Ltd.
  2009 INSC 40825 March 2009Partly allowed
• Central Bank of India v. State of Kerala and Ors.
  2009 INSC 28627 February 2009Dismissed
• Mohan Meakin Ltd. v. State of H.P. & Ors.
  2008 INSC 148118 December 2008Appeal(s) allowed
• State of Maharashtra v. Bharat Shanti Lal Shah & Ors.
  2008 INSC 10011 September 2008Partly allowed
• Kashmir Singh v. Union of India & Ors.
  2008 INSC 65213 May 2008Disposed of
• Union of India v. Belgachi Tea Co. Ltd. & Ors.
  2008 INSC 6269 May 2008Disposed of
• Ashoka Kumar Thakur v. Union of India & Ors
  2008 INSC 47310 April 2008Disposed of
• Commissioner of Income Tax v. Willamson Financial Services and Ors.
  2007 INSC 127512 December 2007Disposed of
• Southern Petrochemical Industries Co. Ltd. v. Electricity Inspector and E.T.I.0. and Ors.
  2007 INSC 59715 May 2007Disposed of
• Vasu Dev Singh and Ors. v. Union of India and Ors.
  2006 INSC 7977 November 2006Appeal(s) allowed
• Kuldip Nayar v. Union of India and Ors.
  2006 INSC 53222 August 2006Dismissed
• State of Maharashtra v. Sant Dnyaneshwar Shikshan Shastra Mahavidyalaya and Ors.
  2006 INSC 19031 March 2006Dismissed
• State of Rajasthan and Ors. v. Basant Nahata
  2005 INSC 4067 September 2005Dismissed
• Govt. of A.P. and Anr. v. J.B. Educational Society and Anr. Etc.
  2005 INSC 9923 February 2005Appeal(s) allowed
• Prof. Yashpal and Anr. v. State of Chhattisgarh and Ors.
  2005 INSC 7211 February 2005Dismissed
• Godfrey Phillips India Ltd. and Anr. v. State of U.P. and Ors.
  2005 INSC 4420 January 2005Nos. 123-25/95 dismissed.