- Court
- High Court of Punjab and Haryana
- Decided
- 19 July 2024
- Bench
- Harpreet Singh Brar
- Case no.
- CRR(F) 1821/2023
Judgment
238 IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
CRR(F)-1821-2023 (O & M) Reserved on : 18.07.2024 Prnounced on : 19.07.2024
DARNINDER PAUL @ DARINDER PAL ...PETITIONER V/S
BALJINDER KAUR AND OTHERS ...RESPONDENTS
CORAM: HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE HARPREET SINGH BRAR Present: Mr. Bhupinder Banga, Advocate for the petitioner.
Mr. Saurabh Singh, Advocate for Mr. Tanvir Singh Attariwala, Advocate for respondents. 0000
HARPREET SINGH BRAR J. (ORAL)
1. The present petition has been preferred against the impugned order dated 30.01.2023 passed by the learned Family Court, Ludhiana, vide which, application seeking maintenance under Section 125 of the Cr.P.C. has been allowed and respondent Nos.2 & 3 (minor daughters of petitioner and respondent No.1) have been granted maintenance of Rs.4,000/- per month each and respondent No.1 (wife of petitioner) has been awarded an amount of Rs.7,000/- per month.
2. The marriage between the petitioner and respondent No.1 was solemnized on 28.01.2022 in accordance with Sikh rites and rituals at Ludhiana. Out of the wedlock, two female children were born. However, matrimonial dispute ensued between the couple and the respondents filed a petition under Section 125 Cr.P.C. seeking maintenance. The petitioner filed a reply and contested the claim made by the respondents. The learned Family CRR(F)-1821-2023 (O & M) 2
Court vide order dated 30.01.2023 granted maintenance allowance of Rs.15,000/- per month in favour of each of the respondents (Rs.7,000/- in favour of respondent No.1 and Rs.4,000/- each in favour of respondent Nos.2 and 3). Aggrieved by the same, the petitioner has approached this Court by filing the present petition.
3. Learned counsel for the petitioner inter alia contends that income of the petitioner has been wrongly assessed as he is earning Rs.25,000/- per month. Learned counsel further submits that respondent No.1 is running a beauty parlour and also knows the work of stitching and is earning nearly Rs.50,000/- per month. It is further contended that respondent No.1 has also filed a petition under Domestic Violence Act, wherein respondents have also been awarded maintenance of Rs.4,000/- per month. Learned counsel further submits that his old age parents, who are suffering from various ailments are living with the petitioner and are dependent upon him
4. Learned counsel for respondents submits that respondent No.1 has not any source of income. However, the petitioner is a Karate Instructor and his visiting cards depicted his being Black Belt (AOLF), Hong Kong in the field of Karate and furthermore, he visits foreign countries for imparting karate training and for attending conferences on this subject. Learned counsel further submits that the petitioner is working as a Manager in the company of Pharmaceuticals.
5. I have heard the learned counsel for the parties and perused the record with their able assistance.
6. The object and purpose behind granting maintenance is to ensure that the dependent spouse is not reduced to destitution or vagrancy on account of failure of marriage. At the same time, a just and careful balance must be CRR(F)-1821-2023 (O & M) 3
struck to ensure that this provision does not degenerate into a weapon to punish the other spouse. The Courts are required to conduct the maintenance proceedings while being alive to the legislative intent behind the provision under Section 125 Cr.P.C in its true spirit, which is to provide speedy assistance and social justice to women, children and infirm parents. The provisions of Section 125 Cr.P.C. were enacted as a measure to further social justice and protect dependent women, children and parents, which also fall within the constitutional sweep of Article 15(3) reinforced by Article 39 of the Constitution of India.
7. A three-Judge Bench of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in Vimala (K.) v. Veeraswamy (K.)(1991) 2 SCC 375, speaking through Justice Fatima Beevi, opined that as follows: "3. Section 125 of the Code of Criminal Procedure is meant to achieve a social purpose. The object is to prevent vagrancy and destitution. It provides a speedy remedy for the supply of food, clothing, and shelter to the deserted wife." A two-Judge Bench of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in Kirtikant D. Vadodaria v. State of Gujarat (1996) 4 SCC 479, speaking through Justice Faizan Uddin, opined as follows: "15. ... While dealing with the ambit and scope of the provision contained in Section 125 of the Code, it has to be borne in mind that the dominant and primary object is to give social justice to the woman, child and infirm parents, etc. and to prevent destitution and vagrancy by compelling those who can support those who are unable to support themselves but have a moral claim for support. The provisions in Section 125 provide a speedy CRR(F)-1821-2023 (O & M) 4
remedy to those women, children and destitute parents who are in distress. The provisions in Section 125 are intended to achieve this special purpose. The dominant purpose behind the benevolent provisions contained in Section 125 clearly is that the wife, child and parents should not be left in a helpless state of distress, destitution and starvation."
8. There is a general tendency on the part of the wife to amplify her needs and the husband to conceal his actual income, making it difficult to determine the earning capacity of the rival claimants with exactitude. The rival claimants must scrupulously bring on record their actual respective earning capacities in order for the Court to arrive at quantum of maintenance which is just and fair in terms of principle of equistatus. The quantum of maintenance must be justifiable and realistic to provide succour to the dependent spouse and also to avoid occurrence of the two extremes of the maintenance being either paltry or extravagant, ensuring that neither of the two is reduced to a life of penury. The adequacy of the maintenance allowance has to be determined by the yardstick of the dependent spouse being able to lead a life of reasonable comfort.
9. While dealing with the issue of maintenance in extenso, a two Judge bench of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in Rajnesh v. Neha and another
(2021) 2 SCC 324, laid down the criteria for determining quantum of maintenance and issued the following directions: VI Final Directions
130. In view of the foregoing discussion as contained in Part B - 1 to V of this judgment, we deem it appropriate to pass the CRR(F)-1821-2023 (O & M) 5
following directions in exercise of our powers under Article 142 of the Constitution of India:
(a) Issue of overlapping jurisdiction
131. To overcome the issue of overlapping jurisdiction, and avoid conflicting orders being passed in different proceedings, it has become necessary to issue directions in this regard, so that there is uniformity in the practice followed by the Family Courts/District Courts/Magistrate Courts throughout the country. We direct that:
(i) where successive claims for maintenance are made by a party under different statutes, the Court would consider an adjustment or setoff, of the amount awarded in the previous proceeding/s, while determining whether any further amount is to be awarded in the subsequent proceeding:
(ii) it is made mandatory for the applicant to disclose the previous proceeding and the orders passed therein, in the subsequent proceeding;
(iii) if the order passed in the previous proceeding/s requires any modification or variation, it would be required to be done in the same proceeding
(b) Payment of Interim Maintenance
132. The Affidavit of Disclosure of Assets and Liabilities annexed as Enclosures I, II and III of this judgment, as may be applicable, shall be filed by both parties in all maintenance CRR(F)-1821-2023 (O & M) 6
proceedings, including pending proceedings before the concerned Family Court / District Court / Magistrates Court, as the case may be, throughout the country.
(c) Criteria for determining the quantum of maintenance
133. For determining the quantum of maintenance payable to an applicant, the Court shall take into account the criteria enumerated in Part B III of the judgment.
134. The aforesaid factors are however not exhaustive, and the concerned Court may exercise its discretion to consider any other factor/s which may be necessary or of relevance in the facts and circumstances of a case.
(d) Date from which maintenance is to be awarded
135. We make it clear that maintenance in all cases will be awarded from the date of filing the application for maintenance, as held in Part B-IV above.
(e) Enforcement/Execution of orders of maintenance
136. For enforcement/execution of orders of maintenance, it is directed that an order or decree of maintenance may be enforced under Section 28A of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1956; Section 20(6) of the D.V. Act; and Section 128 of Cr.P.C may be applicable. The arder of maintenance may be enforced as a money decree of a civil court as per the provisions of the CPC more particularly Sections 51, 55, 58, 60 r.w. Order XXI." CRR(F)-1821-2023 (O & M) 7
10. A perusal of the impugned order passed by the learned Family Court makes it evident that the Court below has duly considered the material placed before it for determining the quantum of maintenance. The learned Family Court has rightly observed that the respondents are entitled to maintenance from the petitioner as not only is he an able bodied person but is also earning Rs.25,000/- per month from two sources. Thus, a careful and just balance has been drawn, keeping in view the spiralling inflation rates and high cost of living corresponding to the reasonable needs of the respondents. Learned counsel for the petitioner has not been able to indicate any perversity in the impugned order which warrants interference by this Court. Accordingly, the present petition is dismissed being bereft of any merit.
11. Pending miscellaneous application(s), if any, also stand(s) disposed of.
(HARPREET SINGH BRAR) Reserved on : 18.07.2024 JUDGE Pronounced on : 19.07.2024 manisha
(i) Whether speaking/reasoned Yes/No
(ii) Whether reportable Yes/No
Source: High Court of Punjab and Haryana, through the eCourts High Court services, via the Indian High Court Judgments open dataset by Dattam Labs (CC BY 4.0). Text was extracted from the official PDF and may contain conversion errors. Check the official PDF before relying on it.