M/S Goel Roadways and Anr v. United India Insurance Company Ltd. and Anr

1o o INoTHEoHIGHoCOURToOFoPUNJABoANDoHARYANAo AToCHANDIGARHo o o Reservedoon:o14.11.2023o Pronouncedoon:o13.12.2023o o

M/soGoeloRoadwaysoandoanothero ......Petitionerso o o Versuso o o o UnitedoIndiaoInsuranceoCompanyoLimitedoandoanothero ......Respondents

CORAM:oHON'BLEoMR.oJUSTICEoNAMIToKUMARo o Arguedoby:ooMr.oShivamoGrover,oAdvocate,o o o forotheopetitioners.o o o o Mr.oHarshoAggarwal,oAdvocate,o o o fororespondentoNo.1o–oInsuranceoCompany.o o NAMIToKUMAR,oJ.o

1.o o Thiso revisiono petitiono haso beeno filedo byo petitioner-defendantsounderoArticleo227oofotheoConstitutionoofoIndiaoforosettingo asideoorderodatedo 02.07.2022o passedo byo learnedo CiviloJudgeo(Senioro Division),oLudhianaoinoCiviloSuitoNo.CSo43716oofo2013otitledo'Unitedo IndiaoInsuranceoCompanyoLimitedoandoanotherov.oM/soGoeloRoadwayso andoanother',owherebyoapplicationofiledobyorespondent-plaintiffsoundero Ordero6oRuleo17oreadowithoSectiono151oCPCoforoamendmentoofoplaint,o hasobeenoallowed.o

2.o o Briefofactsoofotheocaseoareothatorespondent-plaintiffsofiledoao suito foro recoveryo ofo Rs.24,67,615/-o byo wayo ofo compensationo ando

2o o damagesoforotheodamagedodeliveredoconsignmentodispatchedovideoG.C.o Noteo No.736609o datedo 10.06.2009o Ex.o Coimbatoreo too Malerkotlao pleadingothereinothatoplaintiffoNo.1oisoaospecialopoweroofoattorneyoofo plaintiffoNo.2.ooPlaintiffoNo.2o–oM/soNaharoFibresoProprietorsoNaharo SpinningoMillsoLimitedohadogotoaoconsignmentoofomachineryofromoM/so LakshmioMachineoWorksoLtd.,oPerianalckenoPlayam,oCoimbatoreovideo invoiceo No.111900163/2o datedo 10.06.2009o wortho Rs.34,82,719.42.oo Theo saido consignmento waso dispatchedo througho defendantsovideo G.C.o Noteo No.736609o datedo 10.06.2009o Ex.o Coimbatoreo too Malerkotlao throughotrucko Nos.HR-45-A-1403o ando HR-56-4932o foro safeocarriageo andodeliveryoatotheodestinationostation.ooTheosaidoconsignmentowasodulyo insuredowithoplaintiffoNo.1ovideopolicyoNo.200900/21/08/02/00000689.oo Theosaidoconsignmentowasodeliveredodamagedoatotheodestinationostationo sinceotruckoNo.HR-56-4932ometowithoanoaccidentoinotransit.ooTheofactumo regardingodamagedodeliveryoofotheoconsignmentowasoconfirmedobyotheo defendantso video theiro damageo certificateo bearingo referenceo No.0779o datedo26.11.2009oaddressedotooNaharoFibres,o373,oIndustrialoAreaoA,o Ludhiana.ooItoisofurtheropleadedothatoinospiteoofolodgingotheoclaimobyo plaintiffo No.2o witho theo defendantso video lettero datedo 07.07.2009o ato Ludhiana,otheyohadonototakenoanyostepotoosettleotheoclaim.ooUpononotice,o defendantsofiledowrittenostatement.ooDuringotheopendencyoofotheosuit,o respondent-plaintiffsofiledoanoapplicationounderoOrdero6oRuleo17oreado withoSectiono151oCPC,owhichohasobeenoallowedobyotheotrialoCourtovideo impugnedoorderodatedo02.07.2022.o

3o o

3.o o Learnedocounseloforotheopetitionersocontendedothatotheotrialo Courto haso committedo graveo erroro ino allowingo theo applicationo ofo theo plaintiffsounderoOrdero6oRuleo17oreadowithoSectiono151oCPCoseekingo amendmentoinotheoplaint,owhichoisoinoflagrantoviolationoofotheoprovisionso ofoOrdero6oRuleo17oCPC.ooHeofurtherocontendedothatoinotheopresentocaseo theotrialohadoalreadyocommencedoandoafterocommencementoofotrialotheo trialoCourtocouldonotohaveoallowedotheoamendmentoapplicationofiledobyo respondent-plaintiffsoasoitowasonotomaintainable.ooHeofurtherocontendedo thato respondentso haveo nowhereo statedo ino theo applicationo seekingo amendmentoinotheoplaintothatoamendmentsosoughtotoobeomadeoinovariouso parasoofotheoplaintowereonotoinotheiroknowledgeoinitiallyoatotheotimeoofo preparingotheoplaintoandothatoafterodueodiligenceothoseofactsocameotoohiso knowledgeolateron.ooHeofurtherocontendedothatorespondent-plaintiffsobyo wayoofoamendmentoareoseekingotooimproveotheirocaseoandosameocannoto beopermittedounderotheolawoandotheoimpugnedoorderoisoliableotoobeoseto aside.ooInosupportoofohisocontentions,olearnedocounseloforotheopetitionero placedo relianceo ono theo judgmentso ofo theo Hon'bleo Supremeo Courto ino Vidyabaio ando otherso v.o Padmalathao ando another,o 2009(1)o R.C.R.(Civil)o763;oNorthoEasternoRailwayoAdministration,oGorakhpuro v.o Bhagwano Daso (D)o Byo Lrs,o Lawo Findero Doco Ido #o 143877;oCivilo Appealo No.1638o ofo 1987o -o Gajanano Jaikishano Joshio v.o Prabhakaro MohanlaloKalwaro–odecidedoono13.12.1989;oCiviloAppealoNo.5667oofo 2006o –o Ajendraprasadjio N.o Pandeo ando anothero v.o Swamio Keshavprakeshdasjio N.o ando otherso –o decidedo ono 08.12.2006;o Civilo Appealo No.2019o ofo 2007o -o Ushao Balashahebo Swamio ando otherso v.o

4o o Kirano Appasoo Swamio ando otherso –o decidedo ono 18.04.2007o ando J.o Samueloandoothersov.oGattuoMaheshoandoothers,o2012(1)oR.C.R.(Civil)o

903.ooo

4.o o Perocontra,olearnedocounselofororespondentoNo.1ocontendedo thatotheotrialoCourtohasorightlyoallowedohisoapplicationounderoOrdero6o Ruleo17oreadowithoSectiono151oCPCoseekingoamendmentoofoplaintoasoito waso necessaryo foro propero adjudicationo ofo theo mattero ando effectivelyo decidingotheocontroversyobetweenotheoparties.ooHeofurtherocontendedo thatonooprejudiceohasobeenocausedotootheopetitionersobyowayoofopresento amendmentoasotheosameoisoclarificatoryoinonature.ooHeofurtherocontendedo thatoitoisomandatoryouponotheoCourtsotooallowoalloamendmentsowhichoareo necessaryo foro theo purposeo ofo determiningo theo realo questiono ofo controversyobetweenotheoparties.ooHeofurtherocontendedothatopowerotoo allowo amendmento iso wideo ando cano beo exercisedo ato anyo stageo ofo theo proceedingsoinotheointerestoofojustice.ooInosupportoofohisocontentionso learnedocounselofororespondentoNo.1oplacedorelianceoonotheojudgmentoofo theoHon'bleoSupremeoCourtoinoLifeoInsuranceoCorporationoofoIndiaov.o SanjeevoBuildersoPrivateoLimitedoandoanother,o2023(1)oR.C.R.(Civil)o

851.o

5.o o Iohaveoheardolearnedocounseloforotheopartiesoandoperusedo theorecord.o

6.o o Amendmento ino pleadingso iso envisaged/o permittedo undero Ordero6oRuleo17oofotheoCiviloProcedureoCodeo(foroshorto'CPC'),owhicho isoreproducedohereinbelow,oandostipulatesothat:-oo "Theo Courto mayo ato anyo stageo ofo theo proceedingso allowo RAVINDER SINGH eithero partyo too altero oro amendo hiso pleadingso ino sucho

5o o manneroandoonosuchotermsoasomayobeojust,oandoallosucho amendmentsoshallobeomadeoasomayobeonecessaryoforotheo purposeoofodeterminingotheorealoquestionsoinocontroversyo betweenotheoparties:oo Providedo thato noo applicationo foro amendmento shallo beo allowedoafterotheotrialohasocommenced,ounlessotheoCourto comesotootheoconclusionothatoinospiteoofodueodiligence,otheo partyo couldo noto haveo raisedo theo mattero beforeo theo commencementoofotrial."oo

7.o o Hon'bleo Supremeo Courto ino Baldevo Singho &o Ors.o Vso Manoharo Singho &o Anro 2006(2)o RCRo 265o enunciatedo lawo foro amendmentoofopleadings,owhichoisosummedoupoas:-oo

1.oo Courtsoshouldobeoextremelyoliberaloinograntingo theoprayeroforoamendmentoofopleadingsounlesso seriousoinjusticeooroirreparableolossoisocausedotoo theootheroside.oo

2.oo Wideopoweroandounfetteredodiscretionohasobeeno conferredoonotheoCourtotooallowoamendmentoofo theopleadingsotooaopartyoinosuchomanneroandonoo suchotermsoasoitoappearsotootheocourtojustoando proper.oo

3.oo Courtoshalloallowoamendmentoofopleadingsoifoito findso thato delayo ino disposalo ofo suito cano beo avoidedo ando thato theo suito cano beo disposedo ofo expeditiously.oo

4.oo Pleaoofolimitationocanobeoallowedotoobeoraisedobyo wayoofoamendmentoinowrittenostatement.oo

5.oo PowersoofotheoCourtoareowideoenoughotoopermito amendmento ofo theo writteno statemento byo incorporatingoanoalternativeopleaoofoownershipo inotheoapplicationoforoamendmentoofotheowritteno

6o o

6.oo Eveno thereo wereo someo admissionso ino theo evidenceoasowelloasoinotheowrittenostatementoito wasostilloopenotootheopartiesotooexplainotheosameo byowayoofofilingoanoapplicationoforoamendmento ofotheowrittenostatement.oo

7.oo Beoaogroundofororejectionoofotheosameowhenonoo seriousoprejudiceoisoshownotoohaveobeenocausedo tootheoplaintiff.oo

8.oo Anoamendmentoofoaoplaint.oo

9.oo Courtso areo inclinedo too beo moreo liberalo ino allowingoamendmentoofowrittenostatementothano ofoplaintoandoquestionoofoprejudiceoisolessolikelyo toooperateowithosameorigouroinotheoformerothano inotheolatterocase.oo

10.oInconsistentopleasocanobeoraisedobyodefendantso inotheowrittenostatementoalthoughotheosameomayo notobeopermissibleoinotheocaseoofoplaint.oo

8.o o InoAbduloRhmano&oAnr.oVsoMohd.Rulduo&oOrs.o2012o(4)o CCCo584o(S.C.)oitohasobeenoheldobyotheoHon'bleoSupremeoCourtothatoao changeo ino theo natureo ofo reliefo claimedo shallo noto beo consideredo aso ao changeoinotheonatureoofoSuit.oPoweroofoamendmentoshouldobeoexercisedo inotheolargerointerestsoofodoingofulloandocompleteojusticeobetweenotheo parties.oItohasobeenofurtheroheldothatoamendmentoofopleadingsocanobeo allowedoatoanyostageoofotheoproceedingsoinotheointerestoofojustice.oMaino purposeoofoallowingotheoamendmentoisotoominimizeotheolitigationoando theopleaothatoreliefosoughtobyowayoofoamendmentoisobarredobyotimeoisotoo beoconsideredoinotheolightoofotheofactsoandocircumstanceoofoeachocaseo andonooharmowouldobeocausedoifotheoapplicationoisoallowed.o

7o o

9.o o Ino parao 70o ofo theo judgmento ino Lifeo Insuranceo Corporation'socaseo(supra),otheoHon'bleoSupremeoCourtohasoheldoaso under:o-o o "70.oOurofinaloconclusionsomayobeosummedoupothus:o

(i)o Ordero IIo Ruleo 2o CPCo operateso aso ao baro againsto ao subsequentosuitoifotheorequisiteoconditionsoforoapplicationo thereofo areo satisfiedo ando theo fieldo ofo amendmento ofo pleadingso fallso faro beyondo itso purview.o Theo pleao ofo amendmentobeingobarredounderoOrderoIIoRuleo2oCPCois,o thus,omisconceivedoandohenceonegatived.oo

(ii)oAlloamendmentsoareotoobeoallowedowhichoareonecessaryo forodeterminingotheorealoquestionoinocontroversyoprovidedo itodoesonotocauseoinjusticeooroprejudiceotootheootheroside.o Thisoisomandatory,oasoisoapparentofromotheouseoofotheowordo "shall",oinotheolatteropartoofoOrderoVIoRuleo17oofotheoCPC.oo

(iii)oTheoprayeroforoamendmentoisotoobeoallowedoo

(i)oifotheoamendmentoisorequiredoforoeffectiveoandopropero adjudicationoofotheocontroversyobetweenotheoparties,oandoo

(ii)otooavoidomultiplicityoofoproceedings,oprovidedoo

(a)otheoamendmentodoesonotoresultoinoinjusticeotootheoothero side,oo

(b)obyotheoamendment,otheopartiesoseekingoamendmentodoeso noto seeko too withdrawo anyo clearo admissiono madeo byo theo partyowhichoconfersoaorightoonotheootherosideoandoo

(c)o theo amendmento doeso noto raiseo ao timeo barredo claim,o resultingo ino divestingo ofo theo othero sideo ofo ao valuableo accruedorighto(inocertainosituations).oo

(iv)oAoprayeroforoamendmentoisogenerallyorequiredotoobeo

8o o

(i)obyotheoamendment,oaotimeobarredoclaimoisosoughtotoobeo introduced,oinowhichocaseotheofactothatotheoclaimowouldobeo timeobarredobecomesoaorelevantofactoroforoconsideration,oo

(ii)otheoamendmentochangesotheonatureoofotheosuit,oo

(iii)otheoprayeroforoamendmentoisomalafide,ooroo

(iv)o byo theo amendment,o theo othero sideo loseso ao valido defence.oo

(v)oInodealingowithoaoprayeroforoamendmentoofopleadings,o theocourtoshouldoavoidoaohypertechnicaloapproach,oandoiso ordinarilyo requiredo too beo liberalo especiallyo whereo theo oppositeopartyocanobeocompensatedobyocosts.oo

(vi)oWhereotheoamendmentowouldoenableotheocourtotoopin-pointedlyoconsiderotheodisputeoandowouldoaidoinorenderingo ao moreo satisfactoryodecision,o theoprayero foro amendmento shouldobeoallowed.oo

(vii)oWhereotheoamendmentomerelyosoughtotoointroduceoano additionalooroaonewoapproachowithoutointroducingoaotimeo barredo causeo ofo action,o theo amendmento iso liableo too beo allowedoevenoafteroexpiryoofolimitation.oo

(viii)oAmendmentomayobeojustifiablyoallowedowhereoitoiso intendedotoorectifyotheoabsenceoofomaterialoparticularsoino theoplaint.oo

(ix)o Delayo ino applyingo foro amendmento aloneo iso noto ao groundotoodisallowotheoprayer.oWhereotheoaspectoofodelayo isoarguable,otheoprayeroforoamendmentocouldobeoallowedo andotheoissueoofolimitationoframedoseparatelyoforodecision.oo

(x)oWhereotheoamendmentochangesotheonatureoofotheosuitooro theocauseoofoaction,osooasotoosetoupoanoentirelyonewocase,o foreignotootheocaseosetoupoinotheoplaint,otheoamendmento musto beo disallowed.o Where,o however,o theo amendmento soughtoisoonlyowithorespectotootheoreliefoinotheoplaint,oandoiso predicatedo ono factso whicho areo alreadyo pleadedo ino theo plaint,o ordinarilyo theo amendmento iso requiredo too beo

9o o

(xi)oWhereotheoamendmentoisosoughtobeforeocommencemento ofotrial,otheocourtoisorequiredotoobeoliberaloinoitsoapproach.o Theo courto iso requiredo too bearo ino mindo theo facto thato theo oppositeopartyowouldohaveoaochanceotoomeetotheocaseoseto upoinoamendment.oAsosuch,owhereotheoamendmentodoesonoto resultoinoirreparableoprejudiceotootheooppositeoparty,ooro divesto theo oppositeo partyo ofo ano advantageo whicho ito hado securedoasoaoresultoofoanoadmissionobyotheopartyoseekingo amendment,o theo amendmento iso requiredo too beo allowed.o Equally,owhereotheoamendmentoisonecessaryoforotheocourto tooeffectivelyoadjudicateoonotheomainoissuesoinocontroversyo betweeno theo parties,o theo amendmento shouldo beo allowed.o (SeeoVijayoGuptaov.oGagninderoKr.oGandhio&oOrs.,o2022o SCCoOnLineoDelo1897)"o

10.o o InotheocaseoofoJ.o Samuelo(supra),otheoHon'bleoSupremeo Courtohasoheldoasofollows:oo "12.oTheoprimaryoaimoofotheocourtoisotootryotheocaseoonoitso meritsoandoensureothatotheoruleoofojusticeoprevails.oForothiso theoneedoisoforotheotrueofactsoofotheocaseotoobeoplacedobeforeo theocourtosoothatotheocourtohasoaccessotooallotheorelevanto informationoinocomingotooitsodecision.oTherefore,oatotimesoito isorequiredotoopermitopartiesotooamendotheiroplaints.oTheo Court'so discretiono too granto permissiono foro ao partyo too amendo hiso pleadingo lieso ono twoo conditions,o firstly,o noo injusticeomustobeodoneotootheootherosideoandosecondly,otheo amendmento musto beo necessaryo foro theo purposeo ofo determiningotheorealoquestionoinocontroversyobetweenotheo parties.oHoweverotoobalanceotheointerestsoofotheopartiesoino pursuitoofodoingojustice,otheoprovisoohasobeenoaddedowhicho clearlyostatesothat:onooapplicationoforoamendmentoshallobeo allowedoafterotheotrialohasocommenced,ounlessotheocourto comesotootheoconclusionothatoinospiteoofodueodiligence,otheo

10o o partyo couldo noto haveo raisedo theo mattero beforeo theo commencementoofotrial.oo

13.oDueodiligenceoisotheoideaothatoreasonableoinvestigationo isonecessaryobeforeocertainokindsooforeliefoareorequested.o Dulyodiligentoeffortsoareoaorequirementoforoaopartyoseekingo toouseotheoadjudicatoryomechanismotooattainoanoanticipatedo relief.oAnoadvocateorepresentingosomeoneomustoengageoino dueodiligenceotoodetermineothatotheorepresentationsomadeo areo factuallyo accurateo ando sufficient.o Theo termo 'Dueo diligence'oisospecificallyousedoinotheoCodeosooasotooprovideo aotestoforodeterminingowhetherotooexerciseotheodiscretionoino situationso ofo requestedo amendmento aftero theo commencementoofotrial.oo

14.oAopartyorequestingoaoreliefostemmingooutoofoaoclaimoiso requiredotooexerciseodueodiligenceoandoisoaorequiremento whichocannotobeodispensedowith.oTheotermo"dueodiligence"o determinesotheoscopeoofoaoparty'soconstructiveoknowledge,o claimoandoisoveryocriticalotootheooutcomeoofotheosuit.oo

15.o Ino theo giveno facts,o thereo iso ao clearo lacko ofo 'dueo diligence'o ando theo mistakeo committedo certainlyodoeso noto comeo withino theo previewo ofo ao typographicalo error.o Theo termotypographicaloerroroisodefinedoasoaomistakeomadeoino theo printed/typedo materialo duringo ao printing/typingo process.o Theo termo includeso errorso dueo too mechanicalo failureooroslipsoofotheohandoorofinger,obutousuallyoexcludeso errorso ofo ignorance.o Therefore,o theo acto ofo neglectingo too performo ano actiono whicho oneo haso ano obligationo too doo cannoto beo calledo aso ao typographicalo error.o Aso ao consequenceo theo pleao ofo typographicalo erroro cannoto beo entertainedoinothisoregardosinceotheosituationoisoofolackoofo dueodiligenceowhereinosuchoamendmentoisoimpliedlyobarredo underotheoCode.oo

16.oTheoclaimoofotypographicaloerror/mistakeoisobaselesso RAVINDER SINGH ando cannoto beo accepted.o Ino fact,o hado theo persono whoo

11o o preparedotheoplaint,osignedoandoverifiedotheoplaintoshowedo someoattention,othisoomissionocouldohaveobeenonoticedoando rectifiedothereoitself.oInosuchocircumstances,oitocannotobeo construedothatodueodiligenceowasoadheredotooandoinoanyo event,oomissionoofomandatoryorequirementorunningointoo3o too4osentencesocannotobeoaotypographicaloerroroasoclaimedo byo theo plaintiffs.o Allo theseo aspectso haveo beeno rightlyo consideredoandoconcludedobyotheotrialocourtoandotheoHigho Courtohasocommittedoanoerroroinoacceptingotheoexplanationo thatoitowasoaotypographicaloerrorotoomentionoandoitowasoano accidentaloslip.oThoughotheocounseloforotheoappellantsohaveo citedomanyodecisions,oonoperusal,oweoareoofotheoviewothato someo ofo thoseo caseso haveo beeno decidedo prioro too theo insertiono ofo Ordero 6o Ruleo 17o witho provisoo oro ono theo peculiarofactsoofothatocase.oThisoCourtoinovariousodecisionso upheldotheopowerothatoinodeservingocases,otheoCourtocano allowodelayedoamendmentobyocompensatingotheootherosideo byoawardingocosts.oTheoentireoobjectoofotheoamendmentotoo Ordero6oRuleo17oasointroducedoino2002oisotoostallofilingoofo applicationo foro amendingo ao pleadingo subsequento too theo commencemento ofo trial,o too avoido surpriseso ando thato theo partieso hado sufficiento knowledgeo ofo otherso case.o Ito alsoo helpsocheckingotheodelaysoinofilingotheoapplications.o[video Aniglaseo Yohannano v.o Ramlathao ando Others,o 2005(4)o RCRo(Civil)o563o:o(2005)o7oSCCo534,oAjendraprasadjioN.o PandeyoandoAnotherov.oSwamioKeshavoprakeshdasjioN.o ando Others,o Chandero Kantao Bansalo v.o Rajindero Singho Anand,o2008(2)oRCRo(Civil)o801o:o2008(3)oRecentoApexo Judgmentso(R.A.J.)o83o:o(2008)o5oSCCo117,oRajkumaro Gurawardo (dead)o througho LRS.o v.o S.K.o Sarwagio ando Companyo Privateo Limitedo ando Another,o 2008(4)o RCRo (Civil)o824o:o2008(6)oR.A.J.o248o:o(2008)o14oSCCo364,o Vidyabaio ando Otherso v.o Padmalathao ando Another,o RAVINDER SINGH 2009(1)o RCRo (Civil)o 763o :o 2009(1)o RCRo (Rent)o 120o :o

12o o

(2009)o2oSCCo409,oManoKauro(dead)oByoLRSov.oHartaro SinghoSangha,o2011(1)oRCRo(Civil)o189o:o2010(6)oR.A.J.o 437o:o(2010)o10oSCCo512."o

11.o o Ino theo presento case,o perusalo ofo theo recordo showso thato agreemento ofo subrogation-cum-specialo powero ofo attorneyo haso beeno provedoonorecordoasoEx.P4/1oinotheotestimonyoofoPW1oandoletteroofo subrogationo iso ono recordo aso Ex.P5o ando Ex.P5/1.o o Invoiceo bearingo No.111900163o iso alsoo alreadyo ono recordo aso Ex.P6/1o ando haso beeno depictedo ino theo lettero ofo subrogation.o o Theo trialo Courto haso rightlyo observedo thato botho theo documentso soughto too beo incorporatedo ino theo pleadingsobyowayoofoamendmentohaveobeenodulyoprovedoonorecordobyo theoplaintiffsoduringotheotestimonyoofoPW1.ooThisoCourtoisoofotheoopiniono thato theseo documentso areo veryo mucho necessaryo foro theo propero adjudicationoofotheocontroversyoandoinocaseoapplicationoisodismissed,otheo plaintiffsowouldosufferoanoirreparableolossoandowithotheoamendmentonoo prejudiceohasobeenocausedotootheopetitioners.ooMoreover,otheoamendmento wouldonotochangeotheonatureoofotheoclaim.o

12.o o Ino viewo ofo theo factso ando circumstanceso ofo theo case,o noo benefitoofotheojudgmentsocitedobyolearnedocounseloforotheopetitionerocano beogivenotoothem.o

13.o o Theo impugnedo ordero passedo byo theo trialo Courto iso quiteo detailedoandowell-reasonedoandodoesonotosufferofromoanyoillegalityooro infirmityoandoisonotohavingoanyoelementoofoarbitrarinessooroperversity.o TheorevisionalojurisdictionoofothisoCourtoisoquiteolimitedoandoconsideringo theofactsoandocircumstancesoofotheocase,othereoisonooreasonotoointerfereo

13o o witho theo impugnedo ordero byo wayo ofo exercisingo theo revisionalo jurisdiction.oo

14.oo o Findingonoomeritoinotheorevisionopetition,otheosameostandso dismissed.o

(NAMIToKUMAR)o

13.12.2023o o o o o o ooooooooJUDGEo R.S.o o Whetherospeaking/reasonedoo :o Yes/Noo o WhetheroReportableoo o :o Yes/Noo